Diseño y validación de una escala de satisfacción y calidad de vida para usuarios de centros residenciales y sociosanitarios
; Navarro, Albert ; Fontanals, María Dulce Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2010
Editorial
Ediciones Doyma S. A.
Revista
Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
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Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0211-139X
eISSN
1578-1747
ISBN
Idioma
Español
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Resumen
Fundamentos: En una aproximacio´n integral al cuidado de personas mayores, es fundamental la promocio´n del bienestar personal y emocional, y con ellos tambie´n la construccio´n de instrumentos para evaluar resultados. Esta aproximacio´n requiere considerar la percepcio´n subjetiva de las personas atendidas, mediante evidencias recogidas por indicadores que expresen impactos y satisfaccio´n. Con este objetivo se ha construido y validado la Escala de Satisfaccio´n y Calidad de Vida percibida Fundacio´n SAR (SyCV-FSAR) para centros residenciales y sociosanitarios. Me´todos: Para la definicio´n del cuestionario se realizaron revisiones bibliogra´ficas de instrumentos disponibles para el ana´lisis de la satisfaccio´n y calidad de vida, entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales con profesionales de geriatrı´a (me´dicos, enfermeros, trabajadores sociales, te´ cnicos de calidad, etc.). El cuestionario se aplico´ en una prueba piloto y una encuesta final. La validez de constructo del cuestionario se valoro´ mediante ana´lisis factorial (AF), te´ cnica de factorizacio´n de ejes principales y rotacio´n Oblimin. La comprobacio´n de los supuestos de aplicabilidad se realizo´ mediante pruebas de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin y de esfericidad de Bartlett. El ana´lisis de la fiabilidad, a trave´ s de la consistencia interna medida, se calculo´ por medio del a de Cronbach. Resultados: La encuesta final se administro´ a 475 usuarios, 69,1% del total de personas evaluadas que cumplı´an los criterios de inclusio´n. El 60,0% eran mujeres, el promedio de edad 82,1, teniendo el 47,2% de ellos entre 75–84 an˜os y MMSE de 27. El AF identifico´ 3 factores ()Servicio y atencio´n residencial*, )Entorno personal* y )Relaciones interpersonales*) que explican el 27,5% de la variabilidad total. La medida de adecuacio´n muestral de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin fue de 0,80 y la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett resulto´ significativa (po0,001). SyCV-FSAR mostro´ una elevada consistencia interna (a de Cronbach¼0,82). Conclusiones: Segu´ n los resultados obtenidos a lo largo del estudio puede afirmarse que la Escala SyCV-FSAR es una herramienta fiable, sencilla y de ra´pida aplicacio´n, que recoge la percepcio´n de los usuarios sobre los aspectos claves de la calidad de vida en centros residenciales y sociosanitarios.
Background: In a comprehensive approach to ageing care, the promotion of personal and emotional wellbeing is fundamental, as well as the development of tools to evaluate outcomes. This approach needs to take into account the subjective perception of the elderly by gathering evidence using indicators that express impacts and satisfaction. Thus, the SAR Foundation’s Satisfaction and Quality of Life Scale (SyCV-FSAR) has been developed and validated to assess well-being in residential care settings. Methods: Bibliographical reviews, interviews and focal groups with professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers, quality managers, etc.) were conducted to define the questionnaire that was first piloted and then applied in a final survey. Test of validity was carried out by factorial analysis (FA), principal axis factoring and Oblimin rotation. The sampling adequacy was measured by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Bartlett’s sphericity. Test of reliability was carried out by internal consistency analysis (Cronbach’s alpha). Results: A total of 475 users took part in the survey, 69.1% of those who fulfilled the criteria. Of these 60.0% were women, an average age 82.1, 47.2% of them between 75 and 84 years old, with a MMSE of 27. The FA identified three factors (‘‘Residential service and geriatric care’’, ‘‘Personal framework’’ and ‘‘Social relationships’’) that explained 27.5% of the total variability. The measure of sampling adequacy by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test was 0.80, and the Bartlett’s sphericity test was significant (Po0.001). The global a Cronbach was 0.82. Conclusions: According to the results obtained in the study we can conclude that the SyCV-FSAR Scale is a reliable, simple and easy-to-apply tool, which gathers the users’ perception on key aspects of daily life in residential and social care centres.
Background: In a comprehensive approach to ageing care, the promotion of personal and emotional wellbeing is fundamental, as well as the development of tools to evaluate outcomes. This approach needs to take into account the subjective perception of the elderly by gathering evidence using indicators that express impacts and satisfaction. Thus, the SAR Foundation’s Satisfaction and Quality of Life Scale (SyCV-FSAR) has been developed and validated to assess well-being in residential care settings. Methods: Bibliographical reviews, interviews and focal groups with professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers, quality managers, etc.) were conducted to define the questionnaire that was first piloted and then applied in a final survey. Test of validity was carried out by factorial analysis (FA), principal axis factoring and Oblimin rotation. The sampling adequacy was measured by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Bartlett’s sphericity. Test of reliability was carried out by internal consistency analysis (Cronbach’s alpha). Results: A total of 475 users took part in the survey, 69.1% of those who fulfilled the criteria. Of these 60.0% were women, an average age 82.1, 47.2% of them between 75 and 84 years old, with a MMSE of 27. The FA identified three factors (‘‘Residential service and geriatric care’’, ‘‘Personal framework’’ and ‘‘Social relationships’’) that explained 27.5% of the total variability. The measure of sampling adequacy by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test was 0.80, and the Bartlett’s sphericity test was significant (Po0.001). The global a Cronbach was 0.82. Conclusions: According to the results obtained in the study we can conclude that the SyCV-FSAR Scale is a reliable, simple and easy-to-apply tool, which gathers the users’ perception on key aspects of daily life in residential and social care centres.
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