Archaeoastronomy on Inca Sites in the Argentine Northwest

Abstract

In this paper, we present results of astronomical and landscape analysis at four Incasites located in the Nevados de Cachi area, North Calchaquí Valley, Salta Province, Argentina.Selection criteria took into consideration the existence of certain traits of paramount importanceamongst Inca architecture, such as ushnu platforms, gnomons and a particularly interestingpetroglyph located in a high-altitude sanctuary. Results show that the location and spatial layoutof certain Inca settlements, as well as certain structures within, were designed and located basedon astronomical observation patterns centred on solstices, equinoxes and lunar standstills.