Esencia y existencia de las cosas singulares, o la univocidad del ser como prolegómeno de la doctrina de la temporalidad spinoziana

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Fecha
07/2025
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Universidad Pontificia de Comillas
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Pensamiento
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0031-4749
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2386-5822
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Español
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La primera parte de la Ética de Spinoza tiene como uno de sus objetivos mostrar que el ser infinito (Dios sive sustancia), en la infinidad de sus órdenes de existencia (atributos) y según las modalidades infinitas de su existencia (modos infinitos), está siempre presente en todas las modalidades finitas de su potencia. Ahora bien, cuando dirigimos la atención a esos efectos, más precisamente a los modos finitos, la ontología spinoziana se abre a interrogantes difíciles, que interesa abordar en este artículo: ¿cómo surgen los modos finitos y cómo debemos pensar la relación entre su esencia y su existencia? ¿Cómo concibe Spinoza la esencia formal y la esencia actual de esos modos? El objetivo de este artículo es responder a estas preguntas y dar una interpretación posible a la relación que existe entre la esencia y la existencia de las cosas singulares finitas, que sirva de prolegómeno a su teoría de la temporalidad.
The first part of Spinoza's Ethics has as one of its objectives to show that the infinite being (God sive sustancia), in the infinity of his orders of existence (attributes) and according to the infinite modalities of his existence (infinite modes), is always present in all the finite modalities of his potency. Now, when we turn our attention to these effects, more precisely to the finite modes, Spinozian ontology opens itself to difficult questions, which we are interested in addressing in this article: how do the finite modes arise and how should we think of the relation between their essence and their existence? How does Spinoza conceive the formal essence and the actual essence of these modes? The aim of this article is to answer these questions and to give a possible interpretation of the relation between the essence and the existence of finite singular things, which serves as a prolegomenon to his theory of temporality.
The first part of Spinoza's Ethics has as one of its objectives to show that the infinite being (God sive sustancia), in the infinity of his orders of existence (attributes) and according to the infinite modalities of his existence (infinite modes), is always present in all the finite modalities of his potency. Now, when we turn our attention to these effects, more precisely to the finite modes, Spinozian ontology opens itself to difficult questions, which we are interested in addressing in this article: how do the finite modes arise and how should we think of the relation between their essence and their existence? How does Spinoza conceive the formal essence and the actual essence of these modes? The aim of this article is to answer these questions and to give a possible interpretation of the relation between the essence and the existence of finite singular things, which serves as a prolegomenon to his theory of temporality.
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