Dataset of novel object recognition performance and immunohistochemical measurements of astroglial, cholinergic, and neuronal markers in a rat model of Sporadic Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

This dataset contains the raw experimental data generated for the study “Temporal Progression of Recognition Memory Impairment, Astrogliosis, and Cholinergic Dysfunction in the Streptozotocin Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease” (Niño-Rivero et al., 2025, International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262210944). The data were obtained from adult male Wistar rats that received intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of streptozotocin (STZ, 3 mg/kg) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF, control) and were analyzed at five post-treatment time points (15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days). The dataset includes raw measurements from behavioral testing using the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), as well as quantitative results from immunohistochemical analyses of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and NeuN in hippocampal subfields (CA1, CA3, DG) and parietal cortex. These data were used to assess recognition memory performance, astrogliosis, cholinergic fiber density, and neuronal integrity across the temporal progression of the model. The resource was created within a collaborative research project between Universidad de la República (Uruguay) and the Fundación Instituto Leloir–CONICET (Argentina), aimed at characterizing the temporal evolution of behavioral and morphological alterations in the streptozotocin model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease.