Análisis electromiográfico y funcional de la musculatura del tronco en ejercicios isométricos
; Farfan, Fernando Daniel
; Parajón Víscido, Manuel Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2020
Editorial
Consejo de Decanos de Ingeniería del NOA
Revista
Revista de Investigaciones en Facultades de Ingeniería del NOA
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ISSN
1853-6662
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Español
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Resumen
La estabilidad central ha cobrado importancia debido a su rol en el movimiento y la relación con el dolor lumbar, en ese sentido han sido propuestos diversos modelos para explicar su funcionamiento, sin un consenso claro aún. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar cuantitativamente la activación y participación de la musculatura del tronco en ejercicios isométricos relacionados a la estabilidad central. Se evaluó a una alumna de 23 años de la Facultad de Educación Física (UNT). A través de la electromiografía de superficie se examinó bilateralmente la actividad del oblicuo mayor, oblicuo menor, multífidos y glúteo mayor, en cuatro ejercicios isométricos, plancha prona, extensión isométrica de tronco y plancha lateral derecha e izquierda. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la plancha prona y la plancha lateral involucran principalmente los músculos oblicuos, contrariamente a la extensión isométrica del tronco que compromete a los multífidos. Sin embargo, los resultados muestran discrepancia con estudios previos, se observó una exacerbada activación en todos los ejercicios del oblicuo menor derecho y el oblicuo mayor izquierdo, un patrón cruzado de activación sincrónica que reflejaría un comportamiento adaptativo. Al tratarse del análisis de un caso, los resultados no son concluyentes, son necesarias más investigaciones al respecto.
Core stability has gained importance due to its role in movement and its relationship with low back pain, in this sense, various models have been proposed to explain its performance, without a clear consensus yet. The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the activation and participation of the trunk musculature in isometric exercises related to central stability. A 23-year-old student from the Facultad de Educación Física (UNT) was evaluated. Through surface electromyography, the activity of the external oblique, internal oblique, multifidus and gluteus maximus was bilaterally examined in four isometric exercises, prone plank, isometric trunk extension and right and left side plank. The results obtained indicate that the prone plank and the side plank mainly involve the oblique muscles, contrary to the isometric extension of the trunk that involves the multifidus. However, the results show a discrepancy with previous studies, an exacerbated activation was observed in all exercises of the right internal oblique and the left external oblique, a crossed pattern of synchronous activation that would reflect an adaptive behavior. For being a case report, this results are not conclusive, more research is needed in this regard.
Core stability has gained importance due to its role in movement and its relationship with low back pain, in this sense, various models have been proposed to explain its performance, without a clear consensus yet. The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the activation and participation of the trunk musculature in isometric exercises related to central stability. A 23-year-old student from the Facultad de Educación Física (UNT) was evaluated. Through surface electromyography, the activity of the external oblique, internal oblique, multifidus and gluteus maximus was bilaterally examined in four isometric exercises, prone plank, isometric trunk extension and right and left side plank. The results obtained indicate that the prone plank and the side plank mainly involve the oblique muscles, contrary to the isometric extension of the trunk that involves the multifidus. However, the results show a discrepancy with previous studies, an exacerbated activation was observed in all exercises of the right internal oblique and the left external oblique, a crossed pattern of synchronous activation that would reflect an adaptive behavior. For being a case report, this results are not conclusive, more research is needed in this regard.
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