Una vez más, Gramsci: Teoría, hegemonía y voluntades colectivas

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Fecha
11/2019
Editorial
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Carrera de Sociología
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Revista de la carrera de Sociología
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1853-6484
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Resumen
El ejercicio de lectura sobre las notas en la prisión de Gramsci ha recorrido distintos caminos desde sus primeras apariciones en libros temáticos a cargo de Palmiro Togliatti. Luego de que a mediados de los setenta fueran editados según el orden cronológico de su escritura, las posibilidades de indagación sobre sus conceptos más relevantes encontraron nuevos desafíos. En la actualidad se están realizando trabajos que, apelando a la filología, se encargan de analizar las continuidades y las rupturas de su pensamiento en el devenir de las notas carcelarias. Tomando algunos de ellos como puntos de referencia, nos proponemos en este artículo revisitar las notas gramscianas como teoría social delimitando tres premisas: 1- la idea gramsciana del “movimiento histórico-social”, que responde para el pensador italiano a la pregunta más importante del materialismo histórico: la relación entre estructura y superestructura; 2- la teoría de la hegemonía y de las relaciones de fuerza como teoría de configuración conflictiva de lo social; 3- la imbricación de los dos puntos anteriores con su apuesta política: la formación de voluntades colectivas subalternas y la cuestión nacional-popular.
The reading exercise on the notes in the Gramsci prison has traveled different paths since its first appearances in thematic books by Palmiro Togliatti. After they were edited in the mid-seventies according to the chronological order of their writing, the possibilities of inquiring about their most relevant concepts encountered new challenges. At present, there are works that appealing to philology are in charge of analyzing the continuities and ruptures of their thinking in the prison notes. Taking some of them as points of reference, we propose in this article to revise the gramscian notes as a social theory delimiting three premises: 1- the gramscian idea of the "historical-social movement", which answers the most important question of the historical materialism for the italian thinker: the relationship between structure and superstructure; 2- the theory of hegemony and force relations as a theory of conflicting configuration of the social; 3 - the relation between the previous two points with its political commitment: the formation of subaltern collective wills and the national-popular question.
The reading exercise on the notes in the Gramsci prison has traveled different paths since its first appearances in thematic books by Palmiro Togliatti. After they were edited in the mid-seventies according to the chronological order of their writing, the possibilities of inquiring about their most relevant concepts encountered new challenges. At present, there are works that appealing to philology are in charge of analyzing the continuities and ruptures of their thinking in the prison notes. Taking some of them as points of reference, we propose in this article to revise the gramscian notes as a social theory delimiting three premises: 1- the gramscian idea of the "historical-social movement", which answers the most important question of the historical materialism for the italian thinker: the relationship between structure and superstructure; 2- the theory of hegemony and force relations as a theory of conflicting configuration of the social; 3 - the relation between the previous two points with its political commitment: the formation of subaltern collective wills and the national-popular question.
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