Los “desiertos” habitados: Comunidades locales y litio en Catamarca, Argentina

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12/2024
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Fundación Observatorio Ñuble
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0719-9740
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Existe cierta asociación que puede trazarse entre los discursos e imaginarios que fundamentaron el episodio histórico que conocemos como “La campaña del desierto”, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX en el territorio que comprende el actual territorio argentino, y ciertos discursos e imaginarios que promueven la explotación del litio en nuestros días en este mismo país. Esta asociación se propone aquí a partir de unos dichos referidos en una universidad nacional a principios del año 2023 en el marco de una discusión en relación a la cuestión del litio en la provincia de Catamarca (Argentina). A partir de allí, este artículo, se propone repasar la situación actual de esta provincia en relación a dicha cuestión y las posiciones que toman en relación a ella las comunidades locales. Si bien la cuestión del litio y sus repercusiones en las poblaciones locales ya han sido estudiadas en anteriores trabajos, en ellos se abordó la problemática en las provincias de Salta y Jujuy, del norte argentino. Lo que se presenta en esta oportunidad significan unas primeras reflexiones fundamentadas en un trabajo de campo antropológico comenzado este mismo año en la mencionada provincia de Catamarca, en específico, en región del valle de Fiambalá.
There is a certain association that can be drawn between the discourses and imaginaries that founded the historical episode that we know as "The desert campaign", in the second half of the nineteenth century and in the territory that includes the current Argentine territory, and certain discourses and imaginaries that promote the exploitation of lithium in our days in this same country. This association is proposed based on some statements referred to in a national university at the beginning of 2023 in the framework of a discussion in relation to the issue of lithium in the province of Catamarca (Argentina). From there, this article aims to review the current situation of this province in relation to this issue and the positions taken in relation to it by local communities. Although the issue of lithium and its repercussions on local populations have already been studied in previous works, they addressed the problem in the provinces of Salta and Jujuy, in northern Argentina. What is presented on this occasion means some first reflections based on anthropological fieldwork begun this year in the aforementioned province of Catamarca in northwestern Argentina, specifically, in the Fiambalá valley region.
There is a certain association that can be drawn between the discourses and imaginaries that founded the historical episode that we know as "The desert campaign", in the second half of the nineteenth century and in the territory that includes the current Argentine territory, and certain discourses and imaginaries that promote the exploitation of lithium in our days in this same country. This association is proposed based on some statements referred to in a national university at the beginning of 2023 in the framework of a discussion in relation to the issue of lithium in the province of Catamarca (Argentina). From there, this article aims to review the current situation of this province in relation to this issue and the positions taken in relation to it by local communities. Although the issue of lithium and its repercussions on local populations have already been studied in previous works, they addressed the problem in the provinces of Salta and Jujuy, in northern Argentina. What is presented on this occasion means some first reflections based on anthropological fieldwork begun this year in the aforementioned province of Catamarca in northwestern Argentina, specifically, in the Fiambalá valley region.
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