De la Ortodoxia de los 90 al “Post Consenso de Washington”: El Enfoque de GVC en los Organismos Financieros Internacionales

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Fecha
07/2023
Editorial
Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
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Desenvolvimento em Questão
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Institución organizadora
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2237-6453
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Español
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Resumen
Hacia finales de los 90, el desprestigio de las políticas enmarcadas en el Consenso de Washington desembocó en una progresiva reorientación de la agenda del desarrollo en la comunidad internacional. A inicios del nuevo siglo, la perspectiva que vino a llenar este vacío conceptual fue el enfoque de Cadenas Globales de Valor (GVC), presentado como una nueva herramienta para analizar la reconfiguración productiva del sistema capitalista. A medida que su marco teórico ganaba relevancia en los círculos académicos, sus principales aportes comenzaron a ser introducidos en una diversidad de organismos internacionales para la formulación de políticas públicas, erigiendo al enfoque en la nueva estrategia de desarrollo para los países periféricos. Este trabajo busca realizar un estudio crítico acerca del viaje conceptual seguido por el enfoque teórico de GVC en su asimilación por parte de dos organismos financieros internacionales: el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y el Banco Mundial. A partir de la indagación de sus publicaciones centradas en el enfoque para el período 2000-2020, el objetivo de la investigación es realizar un análisis cualitativo individual y comparado de ambos casos de estudio.
Towards the end of the 90s, the discredit of the Washington Consensus’ policies led to a progressive reorientation of the development agenda in the international community. At the beginning of the new century, the perspective that came to fill this conceptual gap was the Global Value Chains (GVC) approach, introduced as a new tool to analyze the productive reconfiguration of the capitalist system. As this theoretical framework gained relevance in the academic arena, its main contributions began to be introduced in a wide diversity of international organizations, emerging as the new development strategy for peripheral countries. This article conducts a critical study about the “conceptual journey” followed by the GVC approach in its assimilation by two international financial organizations: the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank. Based on the examination of the publications focused on the approach throughout the period 2000-2020, the objective of the research is to carry out an individual and comparative qualitative analysis of both case studies.
Towards the end of the 90s, the discredit of the Washington Consensus’ policies led to a progressive reorientation of the development agenda in the international community. At the beginning of the new century, the perspective that came to fill this conceptual gap was the Global Value Chains (GVC) approach, introduced as a new tool to analyze the productive reconfiguration of the capitalist system. As this theoretical framework gained relevance in the academic arena, its main contributions began to be introduced in a wide diversity of international organizations, emerging as the new development strategy for peripheral countries. This article conducts a critical study about the “conceptual journey” followed by the GVC approach in its assimilation by two international financial organizations: the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank. Based on the examination of the publications focused on the approach throughout the period 2000-2020, the objective of the research is to carry out an individual and comparative qualitative analysis of both case studies.
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