Sobredeterminación, anudamiento y dependencia: hacia una reconceptualización de la sociedad mundial

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Fecha
03/2023
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Universidad del Zulia (Luz)
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Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana
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1316-5216
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Este artículo expone una reflexión sobre el concepto de “sociedad mundial” de Esteban Torres (2021). Primero, problematiza a través de la figura del nudo borromeo la articulación entre las distintas esferas sociales que constituyen, para el autor, a la sociedad mundial. Se sostiene que la lógica nodal otorga sustento teórico a las propiedades que definen la interacción entre estas esferas: su irreductibilidad e inseparabilidad; a la vez que permite captar el movimiento triádico que involucra aquel concepto. Luego, se traslada esta lógica nodal al problema de la dependencia para sugerir que el tipo de causalidad que explica los procesos de cambio social en la sociedad mundial se comprende mejor si se la entiende desde la sobredeterminación althusseriana. Finalmente, se interroga el horizonte de futuro de lo que se denomina "realismo dependentista": la traducción en clave latinoamericana que Torres sugiere del “realismo capitalista” de Mark Fisher.
This article presents a reflection on the concept of "world society" by Esteban Torres (2021). First, the articulation between the different social spheres that constitute, according to the author, the world society is problematized through the figure of the Borromean knot. It is argued that this figure gives theoretical support to the properties that define the interaction between those spheres: their irreducibility and inseparability; and at the same time, it allows capturing the triadic movement that this concept involves. Then, this nodal logic is transferred to the problem of dependence to suggest that the type of causality that explains the processes of social change in world society is better understood if it is thought of in terms of Althusserian overdetermination. Finally, the future horizon of what is called dependentista realism –the Latin American translation that Torres suggests of the "capitalist realism" of Mark Fisher– is questioned.
This article presents a reflection on the concept of "world society" by Esteban Torres (2021). First, the articulation between the different social spheres that constitute, according to the author, the world society is problematized through the figure of the Borromean knot. It is argued that this figure gives theoretical support to the properties that define the interaction between those spheres: their irreducibility and inseparability; and at the same time, it allows capturing the triadic movement that this concept involves. Then, this nodal logic is transferred to the problem of dependence to suggest that the type of causality that explains the processes of social change in world society is better understood if it is thought of in terms of Althusserian overdetermination. Finally, the future horizon of what is called dependentista realism –the Latin American translation that Torres suggests of the "capitalist realism" of Mark Fisher– is questioned.
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