Caracterización física del subsuelo de humedales típicos de la Ecorregión Pampa
; Entraigas, Ilda ; Blanco, Martín Alejandro ; Ares, María Guadalupe
; Scioli, Carlos ; Chindamo, Micaela Agostina 
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Fecha
03/2025
Editorial
Asociación Argentina de Geología Aplicada a la Ingeniería
Revista
Revista de Geología Aplicada a la Ingeniería y al Ambiente
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2422-5703
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Resumen
El paisaje de la Ecorregión Pampa presenta una matriz de pastizales con humedales dispersos en toda su extensión, los cuales cumplen múltiples funciones ecosistémicas. Entre estas funciones se destaca la de regulación hídrica, actuando como zonas de amortiguación que retienen los excesos de agua durante los períodos de precipitaciones abundantes. Así, en determinados momentos, estos humedales almacenan agua en superficie y funcionan como puntos locales de intercambio con el acuífero, interviniendo significativamente en la dinámica del paisaje hidrológico. Para este estudio, se seleccionaron dos cubetas ubicadas en la cuenca del arroyo del Azul, con el objetivo de determinar la estructura del subsuelo y así comprender el proceso de interacción entre el agua superficial y subterránea en estos humedales. La metodología aplicada combinó el estudio geofísico a través de tomografías de resistividad eléctrica y la toma de muestras edáficas a fin de realizar un análisis descriptivo en el seno de los humedales y sus alrededores. Los resultados indicaron que el subsuelo de ambas cubetas presenta franjas en su perfil constituidas por carbonato de calcio cementado, las cuales actuarían como barreras físicas que restringen la magnitud de la interacción entre los humedales y el acuífero. La caracterización física del subsuelo en los humedales de la Ecorregión Pampa es esencial para entender su dinámica hídrica y su función, tanto en la regulación del escurrimiento superficial como en la recarga de acuíferos.
The landscape of the Pampa Ecoregion features a ma-trix of grasslands with scattered wetlands throughout its expanse, which fulfill multiple ecosystem functions. Among these functions, water regulation stands out, as wetlands act as buffer zones that retain excess water during periods of heavy rainfall. At certain times, these wetlands store surface water and function as local points of exchange with the aquifer, significantly influencing the dynamics of the hydrological landscape. For this study, two ponds located in the del Azul Creek basin were selected with the aim of determining the subsurface structure and understanding the interaction process between surface and groundwater in these wetlands. The applied methodology combined geophysical studies using electrical resistivity tomography and soil sampling to conduct a descriptive analysis of the wetlands and their surroundings. The results indicated that the subsurface of both ponds contains layers in their profiles composed of cemented calcium carbonate, which would act as physical barriers that restrict the magnitude of the interaction between the wetlands and the aquifer. This statement must be further corroborated through studies using other techniques, such as continuous measurement of surface and groundwater levels, and chemical analyses. The physical characterization of the subsurface in the wetlands of the Pampa Ecoregion is essential for understanding their hydrological dynamics, their role in regulating surface runoff, and aquifer recharge.
The landscape of the Pampa Ecoregion features a ma-trix of grasslands with scattered wetlands throughout its expanse, which fulfill multiple ecosystem functions. Among these functions, water regulation stands out, as wetlands act as buffer zones that retain excess water during periods of heavy rainfall. At certain times, these wetlands store surface water and function as local points of exchange with the aquifer, significantly influencing the dynamics of the hydrological landscape. For this study, two ponds located in the del Azul Creek basin were selected with the aim of determining the subsurface structure and understanding the interaction process between surface and groundwater in these wetlands. The applied methodology combined geophysical studies using electrical resistivity tomography and soil sampling to conduct a descriptive analysis of the wetlands and their surroundings. The results indicated that the subsurface of both ponds contains layers in their profiles composed of cemented calcium carbonate, which would act as physical barriers that restrict the magnitude of the interaction between the wetlands and the aquifer. This statement must be further corroborated through studies using other techniques, such as continuous measurement of surface and groundwater levels, and chemical analyses. The physical characterization of the subsurface in the wetlands of the Pampa Ecoregion is essential for understanding their hydrological dynamics, their role in regulating surface runoff, and aquifer recharge.
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