Estudio de los efectos producidos por las condiciones de transformación en la viscosidad del polietilentereftalato (PET) reciclado
; Bárcenas Martínez, Sandra ; Martínez Hung, Hassan Otros responsables
Fecha
07/2022
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Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Facultad de Ciencias
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1390-5740
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2477-9105
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Se estudió el efecto producido por las condiciones de transformación en la viscosidad del polietilentereftalato reciclado. Para ello, se realizó una simulación del procesado en un plastómetro para la determinación del Índice de Fluidez, sobre la base de un diseño de experimentos factorial 2^2. Como variables independientes se tomaron la temperatura y tiempo de retención del polímero dentro de la cámara de procesamiento, mientras que como variable respuesta se evaluó la viscosidad intrínseca del polietilentereftalato. Mediante un análisis de regresión lineal del diseño experimental se logró obtener por primera vez la ecuación del modelo ajustado para la viscosidad intrínseca, sobre la que los dos factores estudiados (tiempo y temperatura) así como la interacción entre ellos presentaron un efecto significativo con un nivel de confianza de 95 %. En todos los casos ocurrió una disminución de la viscosidad del polietilentereftalato reciclado, encontrándose la mayor incidencia con un 30 % al incrementar la temperatura de 260 a 280 °C. De cara a un proceso de reciclado, se recomienda mantener un perfil de temperaturas que no supere los 260 °C y tiempos de residencia igual o menores a 10 min.
The effect produced by the processing conditions on the viscosity of recycled polyethylene terephthalate was studied. For this, a simulation of the processing was carried out using a melt flow index plastometer, based on a factorial design of experiments 22 . The temperature and the retention time of the polymer inside the processing chamber were selected as independent factors, while the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene terephtalate was the response variable. Through a linear regression analysis of the experimental design, it was possible to obtain for the first time the equation of the model adjusted for intrinsic viscosity, on which the two factors studied (time and temperature) as well as the interaction between them presented a significant effect with a level of 95% confidence. In all cases, there was a decrease in the viscosity of the recycled polyethylene terephthalate, with the highest incidence being 30% when the temperature increased from 260 to 280 °C. For a recycling process, it is recommended to maintain a temperature profile that does not exceed 260 °C and residence times equal to or less than 10 min.
The effect produced by the processing conditions on the viscosity of recycled polyethylene terephthalate was studied. For this, a simulation of the processing was carried out using a melt flow index plastometer, based on a factorial design of experiments 22 . The temperature and the retention time of the polymer inside the processing chamber were selected as independent factors, while the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene terephtalate was the response variable. Through a linear regression analysis of the experimental design, it was possible to obtain for the first time the equation of the model adjusted for intrinsic viscosity, on which the two factors studied (time and temperature) as well as the interaction between them presented a significant effect with a level of 95% confidence. In all cases, there was a decrease in the viscosity of the recycled polyethylene terephthalate, with the highest incidence being 30% when the temperature increased from 260 to 280 °C. For a recycling process, it is recommended to maintain a temperature profile that does not exceed 260 °C and residence times equal to or less than 10 min.
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