Afrontamiento de la enfermedad crónica en personas con Enfermedad de Parkinson, soledad y construcción de affordances

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Fecha
06/2026
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Psicología
Revista
Investigando en Psicología
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1515-2138
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Español
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Resumen
Las personas con Enfermedad de Parkinson (pEP) transitan procesos de afrontamiento desde el diagnóstico y durante las distintas etapas de esta la enfermedad que es crónica, progresiva, multisistémica, clasificada dentro de los trastornos del movimiento, y que compromete las relaciones de comunicación con el entorno de vida de la persona. Las estrategias de afrontamiento son variadas y su consecución puede llevar a que la persona se aísle del entorno, conduciendo a la soledad y sus consecuencias perjudiciales para la salud. Esto depende no solo de las disposiciones de la persona y sus capacidades de percepción de las cualidades del entorno sino de las propiedades de acción del ambiente con el cual se establecen relaciones de affordances. Estas affordances invitan a la pEP a moverse según sus objetivos de acción conscientes o no conscientes. Existen espacios privilegiados con cualidades que invitan y habilitan la acción de las personas, como los espacios de hospitalidad y turismo en el contexto del turismo de salud y bienestar, a través de los cuales puede ejercerse un tipo de soledad que cambia radicalmente su sentido: desde la soledad que afecta la salud y la calidad de vida, disminuyendo el bienestar de la pEP, a la soledad auténtica, que permite reconstruirse creativamente, con el propio rol social y la decisión de autodeterminación. Mediante una revisión narrativa y argumentación teórica, el artículo reflexiona sobre las situaciones de soledad y cómo el turismo es capaz de ofrecer la posibilidad de construir affordances que conduzcan a situaciones favorables para el bienestar de la pEP, mejorando su calidad de vida.
People with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) undergo coping processes from the time of diagnosis and throughout the different stages of this chronic, progressive, multisystem disease -classified as a movement disorder-, which affects communicative relationships with the person’s living environment. Coping strategies are diverse, and their implementation may lead individuals to withdraw from their environment, resulting in loneliness and its detrimental consequences for health. This depends not only on personal dispositions and perceptual capacities regarding the qualities of the environment, but also on the action properties of the environment with which affordance relationships are established. These affordances invite PwPD to move and act according to their conscious or non-conscious action goals. There are privileged spaces with qualities that invite and afford human action, such as tourist and hospitality spaces within the context of health and wellness tourism, through which a radically different kind of loneliness can be experienced: From a loneliness that negatively affects health and quality of life, reducing the well-being of PwPD, to an authentic loneliness that allows individuals to reconstruct themselves creatively, with their own social role and the capacity for self-determination. Through a narrative review and theoretical argumentation, this article reflects on situations of loneliness and on how tourism can offer the possibility of constructing affordances that lead to favourable conditions for the well-being of PwPD, thereby improving their quality of life.
People with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) undergo coping processes from the time of diagnosis and throughout the different stages of this chronic, progressive, multisystem disease -classified as a movement disorder-, which affects communicative relationships with the person’s living environment. Coping strategies are diverse, and their implementation may lead individuals to withdraw from their environment, resulting in loneliness and its detrimental consequences for health. This depends not only on personal dispositions and perceptual capacities regarding the qualities of the environment, but also on the action properties of the environment with which affordance relationships are established. These affordances invite PwPD to move and act according to their conscious or non-conscious action goals. There are privileged spaces with qualities that invite and afford human action, such as tourist and hospitality spaces within the context of health and wellness tourism, through which a radically different kind of loneliness can be experienced: From a loneliness that negatively affects health and quality of life, reducing the well-being of PwPD, to an authentic loneliness that allows individuals to reconstruct themselves creatively, with their own social role and the capacity for self-determination. Through a narrative review and theoretical argumentation, this article reflects on situations of loneliness and on how tourism can offer the possibility of constructing affordances that lead to favourable conditions for the well-being of PwPD, thereby improving their quality of life.
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