Comparación espacial de la ficoflora y el estado ecológico del agua en la cuenca baja del río Colorado (Tucumán, Argentina)
; Taboada, María de Los Ángeles
; Gultemirian, Maria de Lourdes 
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Fecha
12/2024
Editorial
Fundación Miguel Lillo
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Lilloa
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2346-9641
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Español
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Resumen
Se evaluó el estado ecológico del río Colorado (Tucumán) durante la primavera del 2021. Se eligieron tres sitios: S1, previo a la unión del arroyo Calimayo; S2, en la confluencia; y S3, aguas abajo de la misma. Se colectaron muestras del epiliton y fitoplancton, para análisis cualitativos y cuantitativos, asimismo se midieron diferentes parámetros fisicoquímicos. La riqueza algal total fue de 83 especies, el fitoplancton tuvo 79 taxones (14 fueron exclusivos) y el epiliton 69 (4 fueron propias). El epiliton presentó mayor diversidad y equitatividad que el fitoplancton. En ambas comunidades se registraron especies sensibles a la polución en el S1 que fueron reemplazadas por taxones tolerantes en los siguientes sitios. Las aguas del S1 se clasificaron como sulfatadas cálcicas-sódicas, con pH alcalino, buena oxigenación, baja demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), conductividad eléctrica (CE) media-alta y mayor diversidad en la ficoflora. En los S2 y S3, fueron bicarbonatadas cálcicas-sódica, registraron una disminución en el pH y CE, bajo oxígeno disuelto (OD), valores más elevados de DBO5, de nutrientes y una menor diversidad. Este trabajo es el primer reporte taxonómico de la ficoflora del río Colorado y brinda información de la importancia del empleo en conjunto de variables bióticas y abióticas de los cursos fluviales, para un conocimiento holístico de la calidad del agua.
In spring 2021, an assessment was conducted on the ecological state of the Colorado River in Tucumán. Three sampling locations were selected: S1, located upstream of the confluence with the Calimayo stream; S2, at the confluence point; and S3, downstream of it. Phytoplankton and epilithon samples were obtained, and various physical and chemical parameters were measured for both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The total algal richness comprised 83 species. Phytoplankton was composed of 79 species (14 exclusively found in this community), while 69 taxa (4 exclusive) were found in the epilithon samples. The epilithon exhibited greater diversity and eveness compared to the phytoplankton. Both communities displayed pollutant sensitive species at S1, which were replaced by more tolerant taxa downstream. Water at S1 was classified as sulfatated calcium-sodium water, with an alkaline pH, good oxygenation, low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), medium-high electric conductivity (EC), and higher phycoflora diversity. Conversely, samples from S2 and S3 were classified as bicarbonated calcium-sodic water, showing a decreased in pH and EC, low dissolved oxygen (DO), higher BOD5 values, lower nutritional content and less diversity. This study represents the first taxonomic research on the phycoflora of the Colorado River, highlighting the importance of considering both, biotic and abiotic, variables in river courses to achieve a comprehensive understanding of water quality
In spring 2021, an assessment was conducted on the ecological state of the Colorado River in Tucumán. Three sampling locations were selected: S1, located upstream of the confluence with the Calimayo stream; S2, at the confluence point; and S3, downstream of it. Phytoplankton and epilithon samples were obtained, and various physical and chemical parameters were measured for both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The total algal richness comprised 83 species. Phytoplankton was composed of 79 species (14 exclusively found in this community), while 69 taxa (4 exclusive) were found in the epilithon samples. The epilithon exhibited greater diversity and eveness compared to the phytoplankton. Both communities displayed pollutant sensitive species at S1, which were replaced by more tolerant taxa downstream. Water at S1 was classified as sulfatated calcium-sodium water, with an alkaline pH, good oxygenation, low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), medium-high electric conductivity (EC), and higher phycoflora diversity. Conversely, samples from S2 and S3 were classified as bicarbonated calcium-sodic water, showing a decreased in pH and EC, low dissolved oxygen (DO), higher BOD5 values, lower nutritional content and less diversity. This study represents the first taxonomic research on the phycoflora of the Colorado River, highlighting the importance of considering both, biotic and abiotic, variables in river courses to achieve a comprehensive understanding of water quality
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