Análisis composicional y micromorfológico de los adobes del Molino Histórico de Payogasta (siglos XIX-XX, Salta, Argentina)
; Dandrea, Maria Celeste
; Paez, Maria Cecilia 
Otros responsables
Fecha
10/2025
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales
Revista
Mundo de Antes
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1514-982X
eISSN
2362-325X
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Español
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Resumen
El Molino Histórico de Payogasta (Salta) se utilizó para la molienda, principalmente de trigo y maíz, durante los siglos XIX y XX. Las seis habitaciones que componen el edificio están construidas con adobe y un revoque que favorece su preservación. En 2017 se inició el estudio del sitio y, como parte de él, se tomaron cuatro muestras de la mampostería de adobe y una del revoque, con la intención de caracterizar el proceso constructivo a partir de su análisis mineralógico y micromorfológico. Los resultados indican que la composición de los adobes estaría dada por: a) el predominio de una matriz de textura franca, b) bajo a moderados contenidos de la fracción limo-arcillosa y c) la adición de materia vegetal para favorecer su cohesión. Por su parte, de la comparación entre distintos sectores de los muros se deriva su carácter contemporáneo. Para el caso del revoque, predomina el carbonato de calcio como principal componente, que se mezcló con barro. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento de la arquitectura de adobe del Valle Calchaquí, al tiempo que destaca el potencial de los estudios micromorfológicos para resolver problemas arqueológicos.
The Historic Mill of Payogasta (Salta) was used for milling, mainly wheat and corn, during the 19th and 20th centuries. The six rooms that make up the building are built with adobe bricks and a plaster that favors its preservation. In 2017, the study of the site was initiated and, as part of it, four samples of adobe masonry and one sample of plaster were taken with the intention of characterizing the constructive process, from its mineralogical and micromorphological analysis. The results indicate that the composition of the adobes is given by: a) the predominance of a loamy textured matrix, b) low to moderate contents of the silt-clay fraction and c) the addition of vegetal matter to favor its cohesion. On the other hand, the comparison between different sectors of the walls shows their contemporary character. In the case of the plaster, calcium carbonate predominates as the main component, which was mixed with mud. This study contributes to the knowledge of the adobe architecture of the Calchaquí Valley, while highlighting the potential of micromorphological studies to solve archaeological problems.
The Historic Mill of Payogasta (Salta) was used for milling, mainly wheat and corn, during the 19th and 20th centuries. The six rooms that make up the building are built with adobe bricks and a plaster that favors its preservation. In 2017, the study of the site was initiated and, as part of it, four samples of adobe masonry and one sample of plaster were taken with the intention of characterizing the constructive process, from its mineralogical and micromorphological analysis. The results indicate that the composition of the adobes is given by: a) the predominance of a loamy textured matrix, b) low to moderate contents of the silt-clay fraction and c) the addition of vegetal matter to favor its cohesion. On the other hand, the comparison between different sectors of the walls shows their contemporary character. In the case of the plaster, calcium carbonate predominates as the main component, which was mixed with mud. This study contributes to the knowledge of the adobe architecture of the Calchaquí Valley, while highlighting the potential of micromorphological studies to solve archaeological problems.
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