Naturaleza, Psiquis y Cultura: más allá de Freud

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12/2025
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Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani
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2469-1100
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En el presente artículo nos focalizaremos en la obra de Sigmund Freud producida de forma posterior a Más allá del principio de placer (1920), concentrándonos en El malestar en la cultura (1929/1930), aunque también atenderemos muy especialmente otros fragmentos –y en algunos casos notas agregadas a textos anteriores– escritos en la década de 1910. También, dada la importancia que Freud le siguió dando al texto, editándolo luego de varios años, tendremos especialmente en consideración Tres ensayos de teoría sexual (1905). Durante el segundo apartado elaboraremos argumentos que realzarán la importancia del psicoanálisis freudiano para analizar aspectos socio-políticos y filosóficos. Pero, más en particular, se justificará su específica cualidad de herramienta para analizar la temática del dossier. Este recorte servirá para tensionar las clásicas separaciones y vinculaciones entre naturaleza y cultura, y así repensar la concepción de ambos términos, así como el lugar que en ellas tendría la psiquis. El hilo argumental que se desarrollará sobre estas cuestiones será el más extenso y ocupará el tercer apartado. Consideramos que esto nos habilitará una serie de reflexiones sobre dimensiones socio-políticas de suma actualidad y, también, respecto de los devenires tecnológicos. Estas consideraciones estarán plasmadas en las conclusiones.
In this article we will focus on Sigmund Freud's work produced after Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920), concentrating on Civilization and its Discontents (1929/1930), although we will also pay special attention to other fragments -and in some cases notes added to earlier texts- written in the 1910s. Also, given the importance that Freud continued to give to the text, editing it after several years, we will give special consideration to Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905). During the second section we will elaborate arguments that will enhance the importance of Freudian psychoanalysis to analyze socio-political and philosophical aspects. But, more particularly, we will justify its specific quality as a tool for analyzing the subject matter of the dossier. This approach will serve to stress the classical separations and links between nature and culture, and thus rethink the conception of both terms, as well as the place that the psyche would have in them. The argumentative thread that will be developed on these issues will be the most extensive and will occupy the third section. We consider that this will enable us to make a series of reflections on highly topical socio-political dimensions and, also, on technological developments. These considerations will be reflected in the conclusions.
In this article we will focus on Sigmund Freud's work produced after Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920), concentrating on Civilization and its Discontents (1929/1930), although we will also pay special attention to other fragments -and in some cases notes added to earlier texts- written in the 1910s. Also, given the importance that Freud continued to give to the text, editing it after several years, we will give special consideration to Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905). During the second section we will elaborate arguments that will enhance the importance of Freudian psychoanalysis to analyze socio-political and philosophical aspects. But, more particularly, we will justify its specific quality as a tool for analyzing the subject matter of the dossier. This approach will serve to stress the classical separations and links between nature and culture, and thus rethink the conception of both terms, as well as the place that the psyche would have in them. The argumentative thread that will be developed on these issues will be the most extensive and will occupy the third section. We consider that this will enable us to make a series of reflections on highly topical socio-political dimensions and, also, on technological developments. These considerations will be reflected in the conclusions.
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