Continuo e infinito: Influencias y génesis del tratamiento leibniziano del laberinto del continuo

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2017-06-07
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En esta tesis analizaremos el tratamiento del problema del continuo y del infinito en el pensamiento de juventud de Leibniz. Mostraremos que, en su abordaje, el filósofo de Leipzig entremezcla problemas físicos, metafísicos y matemáticos. Dividiremos este trabajo en tres partes: en la primera de ellas examinaremos algunos aspectos generales del trasfondo científico y filosófico del siglo XVII. Luego, nos detendremos en algunas importantes concepciones históricas que, de una u otra manera, influyeron en la evolución del pensamiento de Leibniz, como por ejemplo, entre otras, las de Aristóteles, Froidmont, Galileo y Gassendi. En la segunda parte abordaremos el tratamiento de Leibniz sobre el continuo y el infinito entre 1669 y 1672. Veremos que en este período, en el que hubo una gran evolución interna, Leibniz planteó algunas nociones muy importantes, como por ejemplo las de lo indivisible y lo infinitamente pequeño. En la tercera parte nos centraremos en algunos escritos redactados por Leibniz entre 1675 y 1676, en los que propuso algunas ideas novedosas tanto en el dominio de la matemática, de la física y de la metafísica. Algunas de ellas son, por ejemplo, la distinción entre infinito con término y sin término, las nociones de forma simple, agregado, todo y uno.
In this thesis we will analyze the approach to the problem of the continuum and the infinite in young Leibniz’s thought. We will show that in his treatment, Leibniz considers physical, metaphysical and mathematical questions altogether. Our work will be divided in three parts: in the first one, we will examine some general aspects of the scientific and philosophical background of the seventeenth century. After this, we will analyze some decisive historical conceptions, which in some way influenced in the evolution of Leibniz’s thought, such as those of Aristotle, Froidmont, Galileo and Gassendi. In the second part, we will deal with Leibniz approach to the continuum and the infinite between 1669 and 1672. We will see that in this period, as a result of his internal evolution, Leibniz introduced some significant notions, such as those of the indivisible and of the infinitely small. In the third part, we will focus on some texts written by Leibniz between 1675 and 1676, in which he proposed some novel ideas in the mathematical, physical and metaphysical domain. Among these ideas, the distinction between bounded and unbounded infinite, the notions of simple form, aggregate, whole and unit, stand out.
In this thesis we will analyze the approach to the problem of the continuum and the infinite in young Leibniz’s thought. We will show that in his treatment, Leibniz considers physical, metaphysical and mathematical questions altogether. Our work will be divided in three parts: in the first one, we will examine some general aspects of the scientific and philosophical background of the seventeenth century. After this, we will analyze some decisive historical conceptions, which in some way influenced in the evolution of Leibniz’s thought, such as those of Aristotle, Froidmont, Galileo and Gassendi. In the second part, we will deal with Leibniz approach to the continuum and the infinite between 1669 and 1672. We will see that in this period, as a result of his internal evolution, Leibniz introduced some significant notions, such as those of the indivisible and of the infinitely small. In the third part, we will focus on some texts written by Leibniz between 1675 and 1676, in which he proposed some novel ideas in the mathematical, physical and metaphysical domain. Among these ideas, the distinction between bounded and unbounded infinite, the notions of simple form, aggregate, whole and unit, stand out.
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