La fragilidad de las especies: tensiones entre biólogos y pescadores artesanales en torno a la conservación marina
; González Carman, Victoria 
Otros responsables
Fecha
06/2016
Editorial
Centro em Rede de Investigação em Antropologia
Revista
Etnográfica
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0873-6561
eISSN
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Idioma
Español
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Resumen
Este artículo analiza en forma interdisciplinaria las relaciones humano-animal de un grupo de pescadores artesanales de Argentina, cuyo oficio los lleva a capturar incidentalmente mamíferos y reptiles marinos amenazados. Abordaremos la interacción entre esta comunidad y un grupo de biólogos que busca la conservación de esas especies. Nuestra hipótesis es que las relaciones humano-animal comprendidas en la práctica de pesca artesanal de esta comunidad pueden ser explicadas a partir de una yuxtaposición de los tres paradigmas definidos por Pálsson (2001): el orientalista, el paternalista y el comunalista. Si bien los pescadores clasifican a las especies animales en torno a su posibilidad de ser explotadas como recurso, eventualmente negocian con los biólogos la protección de alguna de estas, reinventándose como conservacionistas estratégicos. La convivencia de los primeros dos paradigmas no opaca además el tácito comunalismo que impregna el mundo del trabajo y de la vida de los pescadores.
This article analyzes, from an interdisciplinary perspective, the complexity of human-animal relations of fishers from Argentina. In their daily activities, they incidentally capture threatened marine reptiles and mammals. Our purpose is also to address the interaction between this fishing community and a group of biologists that seek to protect these species. Our hypothesis is that the human-animal relations in the practice of artisanal fishing may be explained from an alternation or juxtaposition of the three paradigms defined by Pálsson (2001): orientalism, paternalism and communalism. While fishers classify the species around their possibility of being exploited or not as resources, they negotiate with the biologists the protection of any of them. In this sense, they reinvent themselves as strategic conservationists. Finally, the coexistence of the first two paradigms does not preclude the tacit communalism that permeates the world of work and life of this fishing community.
This article analyzes, from an interdisciplinary perspective, the complexity of human-animal relations of fishers from Argentina. In their daily activities, they incidentally capture threatened marine reptiles and mammals. Our purpose is also to address the interaction between this fishing community and a group of biologists that seek to protect these species. Our hypothesis is that the human-animal relations in the practice of artisanal fishing may be explained from an alternation or juxtaposition of the three paradigms defined by Pálsson (2001): orientalism, paternalism and communalism. While fishers classify the species around their possibility of being exploited or not as resources, they negotiate with the biologists the protection of any of them. In this sense, they reinvent themselves as strategic conservationists. Finally, the coexistence of the first two paradigms does not preclude the tacit communalism that permeates the world of work and life of this fishing community.
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