Los elementos filosóficos de El Estado comercial cerrado de Fichte

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Fecha
12/2016
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Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas. Departamento de Filosofia
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Cadernos de Filosofia Alemã
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2318-9800
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Resumen
En el presente trabajo se intenta mostrar eltrasfondo filosófico del concepto de Estado racional en El Estado comercial cerrado (1800) de Fichte, en cuanto losproblemas políticos y económicos se sustentan en la concepción metafísica de laDoctrina de la Ciencia. Y se analizan tres ejes: en primer lugar, lo ideal comofundamento de lo real, donde éste se explica desde un concepto de finproyectado; luego, la doble contraposición frente al dogmatismo y laarticulación entre lo universal y lo particular en el idealismo, que conduce auna visión del Estado como unidad fundante; y finalmente, el espacio comercialsocial-horizontal, donde la posición de cada particular está en relaciónrecíproca con cada otro particular.
This paper attempts to expound the philosophical background of the concept of rational State in Fichte’s The Closed Commercial State (1800) and how the Science of Knowledge’s metaphysics ground the political and economical problems found in that work. In order to achieve this, we analyze three points. In the first place, we study the conception of the ideal as the foundation of the real, which is explained through the concept of a projected final goal. In the second place, we compare dogmatism with the articulation between the universal and the particular in Idealism, which leads to a conception of State as a founding unity. In the third and last place, we analyze the commercial, social and horizontal space, where the position of each particular is in a reciprocal relationship with the others.
This paper attempts to expound the philosophical background of the concept of rational State in Fichte’s The Closed Commercial State (1800) and how the Science of Knowledge’s metaphysics ground the political and economical problems found in that work. In order to achieve this, we analyze three points. In the first place, we study the conception of the ideal as the foundation of the real, which is explained through the concept of a projected final goal. In the second place, we compare dogmatism with the articulation between the universal and the particular in Idealism, which leads to a conception of State as a founding unity. In the third and last place, we analyze the commercial, social and horizontal space, where the position of each particular is in a reciprocal relationship with the others.
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