Revisión taxonómica de las especies del género Verbena (Verbenaceae). II: serie verbena

Abstract

Verbena L. (Verbenaceae) comprende 44 especies, de distribucio´n predominantemente americana, con dos especies distribuidas en a´reas ca´lido-templadas de ambos hemisferios: V. officinalis L. y V. supina L. Las especies sudamericanas son morfolo´gicamente diferentes de las norteamericanas por lo cual se las ubica en dos series: Verbena ser. Pachystachyae Schauer y serie Verbena respectivamente. En el presente tratamiento se describen los taxones de Verbena ser. Verbena; esta serie comprende 26 especies divididas en tres grupos informales: Verbena, Hastatae y Bracteosae. Se proporcionan descripciones detalladas de todos los taxones, claves para identificarlos, ilustraciones, una sinonimia actualizada con 56 nuevos sino´nimos (ve´ase Ape´ndice 3), y se discuten relaciones entre taxones afines. Se introducen dos nuevas combinaciones: Verbena gracilescens (Cham.) Herter var. swiftiana (Moldenke) N. O’Leary y V. simplex Lehm. var. orcuttiana (L. M. Perry) N. O’Leary; nueve lectotipificaciones: V. bracteata Lag. & Rodr., V. bracteosa Michx. var. brevibracteata A. Gray, V. carolina L., V. domingensis Urb., V. officinalis var. gracilescens Cham., V. hastata L., V. hirsuta M. Martens & Galeotti, V. riparia Raf. ex Small & A. Heller y V. urticifolia L. var. simplex Farw.; y seis neotipificaciones: V. ehrenbergiana Schauer, V. lasiostachys Link, V. roemeriana Scheele, V. simplex Lehm., V. spuria L. y V. xutha Lehm.Verbena L. (Verbenaceae) is represented by 44 species, mainly distributed in America, with two species distributed in temperate regions from both hemispheres: V. officinalis L. and V. supina L. South American species are morphologically different from North American species and are placed in two separate series: Verbena ser. Pachystachyae Schauer and series Verbena, respectively. In the present treatment, Verbena ser. Verbena taxa are described. This series includes 26 species, placed in three informal groups: Verbena, Hastatae, and Bracteosae. Detailed morphological descriptions are given for each taxon, as well as keys for their identification, illustrations, actualized synonymy with 56 new synonymized species (Appendix 3), and discussions of relationships between closely related taxa. Two new combinations are introduced: V. gracilescens (Cham.) Herter var. swiftiana (Moldenke) N. O'Leary and V. simplex Lehm. var. orcuttiana (L. M. Perry) N. O'Leary; nine species are lectotypified: V. bracteata Lag. & Rodr., V. bracteosa Michx. var. brevibracteata A. Gray, V. carolina L., V. domingensis Urb., V. officinalis var. gracilescens Cham., V. hastata L., V. hirsuta M. Martens & Galeotti, V. riparia Raf. ex Small & A. Heller, and V. urticifolia L. var. simplex Farw.; and six species are neotypified: V. ehrenbergiana Schauer, V. lasiostachys Link, V. roemeriana Scheele, V. simplex Lehm., V. spuria L., and V. xutha Lehm.