Evaluación de la calidad bacteriológica de Crassostrea gigas implantadas en el estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina
; Streitenberger, Maria Eugenia ; Baldini, Monica Diana Otros responsables
Fecha
2020-01-31
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Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro Ciencias de la Atmósfera
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Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental
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0188-4999
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Español
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Resumen
La ostra del Pacífico, Crassostrea gigas, fue introducida en muchos ecosistemas costeros de Argentina. Su rango de distribución en el estuario de Bahía Blanca es incierto, existiendo evidencias de su continua expansión. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad bacteriológica de la ostra en la zona interna del estuario de Bahía Blanca y del agua y sedimentos donde crece. Se establecieron dos estaciones de muestreo: Club Náutico (CN) y Puerto Cuatreros (PC), donde se realizaron 21 campañas entre junio 2015 y junio 2018. Se recolectaron agua subsuperficial, sedimentos superficiales y ostras de la zona intermareal. En las tres matrices se hicieron recuentos de Escherichia coli (Ec) y detección de Vibrio spp. Además, en el tejido de ostras se buscó Salmonella spp. En las dos estaciones, se evidenció la acumulación de Ec en ostras y en sedimentos. Se detectaron altos valores de Ec en las tres matrices y la presencia de salmonelas en CN. En todas las matrices de ambas estaciones se aislaron especies del género Vibrio, incluyendo V. cholerae y V. parahaemolyticus. Los bancos de ostras estudiados en el estuario están en un lugar muy accesible y los animales son de buen tamaño, lo que los hace atractivos para la recolección informal. Sin embargo, de acuerdo con los resultados bacteriológicos, el 66 % de las muestras de ostras de PC y el 100 % de CN no cumplen con la legislación vigente en Argentina, constituyendo un riesgo potencial para la salud humana.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas was introduced into many coastal ecosystems of Argentina. Its range of distribution in Bahía Blanca´s estuary is uncertain, and there is evidence of its continued expansion. The aim of this work was to evaluate the bacteriological quality of the oyster in the inner area of the estuary of Bahía Blanca, and of the water and sediments where it grows. Two sampling stations were established: Club Náutico (CN) and Puerto Cuatreros (PC). Subsurface water, surface sediments and oysters were collected from the intertidal zone from June 2015 to June 2018. In the three matrices, counts of Escherichia coli (Ec) and detection of Vibrio spp. were done. In addition, Salmonella spp. was searched in the oyster tissue. In the two stations, an accumulation of Ec in oysters and in sediments was evidenced. In addition to the high values of Ec in CN, the presence of Salmonella in oysters was detected. In all the matrices of both stations Vibrio spp. were isolated, including V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. The oyster beds studied in the estuary are a very accessible place and the specimens are of good size, make them attractive for informal harvesting. However, according to the bacteriological results, 66 % of the samples of PC oysters and 100 % of CN do not comply with the current legislation in Argentina, representing a potential risk for human health.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas was introduced into many coastal ecosystems of Argentina. Its range of distribution in Bahía Blanca´s estuary is uncertain, and there is evidence of its continued expansion. The aim of this work was to evaluate the bacteriological quality of the oyster in the inner area of the estuary of Bahía Blanca, and of the water and sediments where it grows. Two sampling stations were established: Club Náutico (CN) and Puerto Cuatreros (PC). Subsurface water, surface sediments and oysters were collected from the intertidal zone from June 2015 to June 2018. In the three matrices, counts of Escherichia coli (Ec) and detection of Vibrio spp. were done. In addition, Salmonella spp. was searched in the oyster tissue. In the two stations, an accumulation of Ec in oysters and in sediments was evidenced. In addition to the high values of Ec in CN, the presence of Salmonella in oysters was detected. In all the matrices of both stations Vibrio spp. were isolated, including V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. The oyster beds studied in the estuary are a very accessible place and the specimens are of good size, make them attractive for informal harvesting. However, according to the bacteriological results, 66 % of the samples of PC oysters and 100 % of CN do not comply with the current legislation in Argentina, representing a potential risk for human health.
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