La miniatura épica en el L. II de la Rusticatio Mexicana

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06/2024
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Universidade Federal de Sergipe
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Épicas
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2527-080X
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En el vasto panorama de la literatura neolatina la poesía épica y la poesía didáctica ocupan el sitial más destacado dentro de la jerarquía de los géneros poéticos. En términos generales, comparten una serie de rasgos comunes tales como el mismo metro, la división en cantos, elaboradas comparaciones, largos pasajes descriptivos y narrativos. La Rusticatio Mexicana del jesuita novohispano Rafael Landívar, publicada en Bolonia en 1782, es un poema didáctico-descriptivo en el que se celebran las excelencias americanas a partir de la constitución previa de un modelo de competencia genérica surgido básicamente de las Geórgicas de Virgilio. Sin embargo, el poema también presenta algunos rasgos vinculados con la estructura épica. En esta ocasión nos detendremos en el L.II, que aborda la descripción de la erupción del volcán Jorullo, y analizaremos la miniatura épica en torno del éxodo de los lugareños, cuyo hipotexto es el relato virgiliano de la destrucción de Troya. Esta tímida filiación con el género épico está convalidada por un corpus de alusiones pertenecientes a la Eneida, que el propio Landívar activa asimilando de este modo la historia de los nativos a la de los troyanos y sentando las bases de una épica local que puede ser interpretada como el vehículo metafórico del exilio jesuítico.
In the vast panorama of Neo-Latin literature, epic poetry and didactic poetry occupy the most prominent place in the hierarchy of poetic genres. Broadly speaking, they share a number of common features such as the same metre, division into chants, elaborate comparisons, long descriptive and narrative passages. The Rusticatio Mexicana by the new spanish jesuit Rafael Landívar, published in Bologna in 1782, is a didactic-descriptive poem in which american excellences are celebrated based on the previous constitution of a model of generic competence that basically emerged from the Georgics of Virgil. However, the poem also has some features linked to the epic structure. On this occasion we will stop at book II, which deals with the description of the eruption of the Jorullo volcano, and we will analyze the epic miniature around the exodus of the locals, whose hypotext is the virgilian account of the destruction of Troy. This timid affiliation with the epic genre is validated by a corpus of allusions belonging to the Aeneid, which Landívar himself activates, thus assimilating the history of the natives to that of the trojans and laying the foundations of a local epic that can be interpreted as the metaphorical vehicle of the Jesuit exile.
In the vast panorama of Neo-Latin literature, epic poetry and didactic poetry occupy the most prominent place in the hierarchy of poetic genres. Broadly speaking, they share a number of common features such as the same metre, division into chants, elaborate comparisons, long descriptive and narrative passages. The Rusticatio Mexicana by the new spanish jesuit Rafael Landívar, published in Bologna in 1782, is a didactic-descriptive poem in which american excellences are celebrated based on the previous constitution of a model of generic competence that basically emerged from the Georgics of Virgil. However, the poem also has some features linked to the epic structure. On this occasion we will stop at book II, which deals with the description of the eruption of the Jorullo volcano, and we will analyze the epic miniature around the exodus of the locals, whose hypotext is the virgilian account of the destruction of Troy. This timid affiliation with the epic genre is validated by a corpus of allusions belonging to the Aeneid, which Landívar himself activates, thus assimilating the history of the natives to that of the trojans and laying the foundations of a local epic that can be interpreted as the metaphorical vehicle of the Jesuit exile.
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