La Expansión Tawantinsuyu en Chile Central: Bases para la Construcción de una Cronología Arqueométrica e Integración Etnohistórica

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Fecha
12/2021
Editorial
Sociedad Chilena de Arqueología
Revista
Boletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Arqueología
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Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0716-5730
eISSN
2735-7651
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Español
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Clasificación temática
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Resumen
Presentamos una síntesis de dataciones absolutas (n=91) adscritas a la expansión Tawantinsuyu en Chile Central, evaluando la asociación de cada fechado al material cultural diagnóstico. Un 14% de las fechas presentan medianas entre 1340 y 1390 d.C., período del primer contacto incaico. Se da cuenta de una mayor cantidad de fechados con medianas entre 1460 y 1500 d.C., que interpretamos como expresión material de una ocupación más intensiva durante este lapso. El referente cultural Diaguita-Inca es común en los contextos tempranos, mientras que en los tardíos lo es el Inca Local o Mixto. Un ejercicio geoestadístico sostiene que el foco inicial de la actividad imperial se localizó en el curso superior del río Aconcagua. Integramos datos etnohistóricos para interpretar cómo fue la dinámica de ocupación desde allí y el cambio del rol prominente que ocuparon distintas localidades que pudieron servir de estadía a orejones como Quilicanta.
We present a synthesis of absolute dates (n=91) tied to the expansion of Tawantinsuyu in Central Chile and evaluate the association of each date with diagnostic cultural material. Fourteen percent of the dates’ medians are between AD 1340 and 1390, which was the period of the initial contact with the Inca empire. There are a greater number of medians between AD 1460 and 1500, which we interpret as a material expression of a more intensive occupation during this period. The Diaguita-Inca ceramic style is common in the earlier contexts while in the later ones, the most common is the Local or Mixed Inca style. A geostatistical exercise supports the idea that the initial focus of imperial activity was located in the upper course of the Aconcagua River. We integrate ethnohistorical data to interpret how occupation dynamics expanded from there outward and the changing role of different sites that could have hosted Inca royals such as Quilicanta.
We present a synthesis of absolute dates (n=91) tied to the expansion of Tawantinsuyu in Central Chile and evaluate the association of each date with diagnostic cultural material. Fourteen percent of the dates’ medians are between AD 1340 and 1390, which was the period of the initial contact with the Inca empire. There are a greater number of medians between AD 1460 and 1500, which we interpret as a material expression of a more intensive occupation during this period. The Diaguita-Inca ceramic style is common in the earlier contexts while in the later ones, the most common is the Local or Mixed Inca style. A geostatistical exercise supports the idea that the initial focus of imperial activity was located in the upper course of the Aconcagua River. We integrate ethnohistorical data to interpret how occupation dynamics expanded from there outward and the changing role of different sites that could have hosted Inca royals such as Quilicanta.
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