Las viruelas preocupan a las autoridades de Buenos Aires: un análisis de los problemas atribuidos a las epidemias de viruelas y sus modos de solucionarlos durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII

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04/2010
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Instituto de Estudios en Salud, Sociedad, Ciencia y Tecnología
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Eä
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1852-4680
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En este artículo se pretende analizar la construcción simultánea ?social y tecnológica- de los problemas atribuidos a las epidemias de viruelas y sus modos de solucionarlos en el Río de la Plata durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. Si bien desde fines del siglo XVII las epidemias de viruelas fueron consideradas por las autoridades de gobierno como un problema religioso y comercial, a partir de mediados del siglo XVIII se produjo un proceso de resignificación de los problemas atribuidos a las epidemias de viruelas y se implementaron nuevas estrategias para solucionarlos. Un elemento importante en este proceso de resignificación lo constituyó la progresiva participación de facultativos médicos, quienes aportaron nuevas explicaciones acerca de sus orígenes y vías de transmisión y aconsejaron la implementación de nuevos procedimientos para enfrentar los problemas atribuidos a las epidemias de viruelas.
This article aims to analyze the simultaneous social and technological construction of the problems attributed to smallpox epidemics and the ways to solve them during the second half of the 18th century. Even though since the late 17th century smallpox epidemics were considered by the authorities of government as a religious and commercial problem, since mid-18th century took place a process of redefinition of the problems attributed to smallpox epidemics and new strategies were implemented towards their solution. An important element in this re-signification process was the progressive involvement of medical physicians, who contributed with new explanations about its origins and routes of transmission and advised about the implementation of new procedures in order to face the problems attributed to smallpox epidemics.
This article aims to analyze the simultaneous social and technological construction of the problems attributed to smallpox epidemics and the ways to solve them during the second half of the 18th century. Even though since the late 17th century smallpox epidemics were considered by the authorities of government as a religious and commercial problem, since mid-18th century took place a process of redefinition of the problems attributed to smallpox epidemics and new strategies were implemented towards their solution. An important element in this re-signification process was the progressive involvement of medical physicians, who contributed with new explanations about its origins and routes of transmission and advised about the implementation of new procedures in order to face the problems attributed to smallpox epidemics.
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