Arquímedes bajo la lupa: La pequeña balanza de Galileo

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Fecha
10/2017
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Centro de Investigaciones
Revista
Epistemologia e Historia de la Ciencia
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2525-1198
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Español
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Resumen
El arquitecto romano Vitruvio relata, en su De Architectura Libri Decem, la famosa historia del eureka de Arquímedes. Según esta obra, el rey de Siracusa había encargado una corona a un orfebre y, ante la posibilidad de que el artesano le hubiese robado parte del oro entregado para ese fin, le pidió al gran matemático que descubra la verdad. Vitruvio indica, además, el modo según el cual Arquímedes lo habría logrado. Más de un milenio y medio después, un joven Galileo propuso una alternativa al método indicado por Vitruvio, y explicó el modo según el cual, según él, Arquímedes habría podido solucionar el misterio. En este artículo analizo la factibilidad de ambos métodos y pongo la propuesta galileana en el contexto de la posición del gran pisano respecto de la relación entre ciencia y experimentación.
The Roman architect Vitruvius tells, in his De Architectura Libri Decem, the famous story about Archimedes´ eureka. According to this work, the king of Syracuse had commissioned a golden crown to a goldsmith and, when told about the possibility that the artisan had stolen part of the gold he had been given to that end, he asked the great mathematician to uncover the truth. Vitruvius also tells us which was the method that Archimedes supposedly followed to achieve that goal. More than one and a half millennium later, a young Galileo proposed an alternative to the method indicated by Vitruvius, and explained how, according to him, Archimedes could have solved the mystery. In this paper I analyze the factibility of both methods, and put the Galilean proposal in the context of his position regarding the relation between science and experimentation.
The Roman architect Vitruvius tells, in his De Architectura Libri Decem, the famous story about Archimedes´ eureka. According to this work, the king of Syracuse had commissioned a golden crown to a goldsmith and, when told about the possibility that the artisan had stolen part of the gold he had been given to that end, he asked the great mathematician to uncover the truth. Vitruvius also tells us which was the method that Archimedes supposedly followed to achieve that goal. More than one and a half millennium later, a young Galileo proposed an alternative to the method indicated by Vitruvius, and explained how, according to him, Archimedes could have solved the mystery. In this paper I analyze the factibility of both methods, and put the Galilean proposal in the context of his position regarding the relation between science and experimentation.
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