Trabajadores pobres ante la irrupción de la pandemia por COVID-19 en un mercado laboral segmentado: El caso argentino

Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2021
Editorial
Asociación de Especialistas en Estudios del Trabajo
Revista
Estudios del Trabajo
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Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0327-5744
eISSN
2545-7756
ISBN
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Español
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Resumen
El objetivo del artículo es analizar el impacto de la crisis económica y sanitaria provocada por la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la pobreza entre los/as ocupados/as argentinos. Se apeló a técnicas de microdescomposición para examinar los determinantes de los cambios en la pobreza y al análisis de regresión logística sobre datos de panel para analizar los factores asociados a la transición hacia la pobreza. La fuente de datos es la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC). Los hallazgos revelan que: a) el aumento de la pobreza entre ocupados/as se explicó principalmente por la caída del nivel de ocupación en los hogares de trabajadores/as y la reducción de ingresos laborales reales por ocupado/a, mientras que las transferencias de ingresos operaron en sentido contrario; b) los/as trabajadores/as que vivían en hogares con altas tasas de dependencia, eran informales o se desempeñaban en ramas más severamente afectadas por las restricciones se vieron más expuestos a entrar en la pobreza.
The objective of this paper is to analyze the way in which the socioeconomic and health crisis due to the COVID-19 outbreak had consequences on in-work poverty in Argentina. Microdecompositions techniques were used to examine the determinants of the changes in poverty rates, whereas logistic regression on panel data was used to analyze the factors associated with the transition from out of poverty to in-work poverty. Data come from the Permanent Household Survey (EPH) of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC). The main findings are a) the increase of in-work poverty is explained mainly by the sharp fall in the households’ number of occupied and the reduction of the income per occupied, while cash transfers reduced in-work poverty; b) workers who lived in households with high dependency rates, informal workers and those who worked in economic sectors severely affected by the restrictions were the most exposed to entering in-work poverty
The objective of this paper is to analyze the way in which the socioeconomic and health crisis due to the COVID-19 outbreak had consequences on in-work poverty in Argentina. Microdecompositions techniques were used to examine the determinants of the changes in poverty rates, whereas logistic regression on panel data was used to analyze the factors associated with the transition from out of poverty to in-work poverty. Data come from the Permanent Household Survey (EPH) of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC). The main findings are a) the increase of in-work poverty is explained mainly by the sharp fall in the households’ number of occupied and the reduction of the income per occupied, while cash transfers reduced in-work poverty; b) workers who lived in households with high dependency rates, informal workers and those who worked in economic sectors severely affected by the restrictions were the most exposed to entering in-work poverty
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