Los exilios "plurales" de la Doctrina de la Seguridad Nacional en el Cono Sur

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Fecha
12/2023
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Universidade Federal do Paraná
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História: Questões & Debates
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2447-8261
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Resumen
Este artículo intenta explorar algunas de las empresas simbólicas llevadas adelante por los exiliados de las dictaduras brasileña, uruguaya, chilena y argentina entre finales de los años setenta y principios de los ochenta. Empresas que bajo la forma Historias del pasado reciente, Sociologías del exilio, análisis psicoterapéutico y/o psicopatológico o mediante la recuperación de testimonios y memorias, confluyeron en la preocupación por visibilizar la pluralidad del exilio como gesto político. Gesto que se alzaba contra la mitificación, criminalización, banalización, fetichización y simplificación en un contexto álgido de luchas por el sentido del exilio, que por entonces comprometían a los derrotados de las dictaduras dentro y fuera de esos países, pero principalmente enfrentaban a los desterrados con los respectivos gobiernos castrenses. El trabajo se divide en dos partes. La primera reconstruye la naturaleza de las empresas simbólicas encaradas por los exiliados conosureños entre finales de la década de 1970 y principios de los años 1980 y las interlocuciones políticas que plantearon. Y la segunda hace foco en la narrativa de los exilios “plurales”, intentando exponer la diversidad de formas de entender esa pluralidad en la contemporaneidad dictatorial.
This article attempts to explore some of the symbolic enterprises carried out by exiles from the Brazilian, Uruguayan, Chilean and Argentinean dictatorships between the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s. Under the form of Histories of the Recent Past, Sociologies of Exile, psychotherapeutic and/or psychopathological analysis, or through the recovery of testimonies and memories, they converged in the concern to make visible the plurality of exile as a political gesture. A gesture that stood up against the mythification, criminalization, trivialization, fetishization and simplification in a heated context of struggles for the meaning of exile that at the time involved those defeated by the dictatorships inside and outside these countries, but mainly confronted the exiles with the respective military governments. The work is divided into two parts. The first reconstructs the nature of the symbolic enterprises undertaken by the Cono Sur exiles between the late 1970s and the early 1980s and the political interlocutions they raised. And the second focuses on the narrative of plural exiles, attempting to expose the diversity of ways of understanding this plurality in the dictatorial contemporaneity.
This article attempts to explore some of the symbolic enterprises carried out by exiles from the Brazilian, Uruguayan, Chilean and Argentinean dictatorships between the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s. Under the form of Histories of the Recent Past, Sociologies of Exile, psychotherapeutic and/or psychopathological analysis, or through the recovery of testimonies and memories, they converged in the concern to make visible the plurality of exile as a political gesture. A gesture that stood up against the mythification, criminalization, trivialization, fetishization and simplification in a heated context of struggles for the meaning of exile that at the time involved those defeated by the dictatorships inside and outside these countries, but mainly confronted the exiles with the respective military governments. The work is divided into two parts. The first reconstructs the nature of the symbolic enterprises undertaken by the Cono Sur exiles between the late 1970s and the early 1980s and the political interlocutions they raised. And the second focuses on the narrative of plural exiles, attempting to expose the diversity of ways of understanding this plurality in the dictatorial contemporaneity.
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