Genotipo F del virus de hepatitis B: características epidemiológicas, clínicas y evolutivas

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Fecha
11/2011
Editorial
Arketypo
Revista
Actualizaciones en Hepatología
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1852-3994
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Resumen
El virus de hepatitis B (HBV) es causante de infecciones hepáticas agudas y crónicas. Presenta una distribución mundial, pero con características epidemiológicas (prevalencia, genotipos) distintas según la región geográfica analizada. Se han descripto al menos 8 genotipos del HBV (A-H). El genotipo F se considera autóctono de América. Su prevalencia en Argentina varía según la región analizada: mientras que en el norte del país se lo ha encontrado en el 90 % de los casos de HBV, en Buenos Aires alcanzó al 30.0 - 36.6 % de las infecciones crónicas por HBV. Además se demostró que existe una distribución diferencial de genotipos con respecto al curso clínico de la infección. En pacientes de la ciudad de Buenos Aires y el conurbano, el genotipo F representó el 36.6 % (30/82) de los casos crónicos, mientras que entre las infecciones agudas sintomáticas alcanzó el 65.2 % (30/46). Entre las hepatitis crónicas el genotipo F mostró una tendencia a presentar mayores niveles de actividad necroinflamatoria. Sin embargo se trata de un grupo heterogéneo, y en Argentina circulan dos de los cuatro subgenotipos virales descriptos. Una mayor profundización de estos estudios permitirá una acabada descripción epidemiológica, bioquímica y clínica de este genotipo y sus subtipos.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the causal agent of acute and chronic liver infections. It has a worldwide geographical distribution, however the epidemiological characteristics (prevalence, genotypes) vary according to the specific geographical area considered. The virus has been classified into eight major genotypes, (A–H). Genotype F is thought to be indigenous to America. Its prevalence in Argentina vary according to the geographical area: in the North of the country it was found in the 90% of the HBV cases, meanwhile in Buenos Aires it reached the 30.0% to 36.6% of the chronic infections by HBV. In addition, it has been demonstrated that a differential distribution of genotypes accounts according to the clinical course of the infection. Among patients from Buenos Aires city and the suburbs, genotype F represented the 36.6% (30/82) of the chronic cases, meanwhile among the symptomatic acute infections it reached the 65.2% (30/46). When chronic hepatitis were analyzed, genotype F presented a tendency to higher necroinflammatory activity. However, those viruses conform a heterogeneous group and in Argentina two of the four described subgenotypes circulate. Further researches will improve the epidemiological, biochemical and clinical description of this genotype and its subgenotypes.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the causal agent of acute and chronic liver infections. It has a worldwide geographical distribution, however the epidemiological characteristics (prevalence, genotypes) vary according to the specific geographical area considered. The virus has been classified into eight major genotypes, (A–H). Genotype F is thought to be indigenous to America. Its prevalence in Argentina vary according to the geographical area: in the North of the country it was found in the 90% of the HBV cases, meanwhile in Buenos Aires it reached the 30.0% to 36.6% of the chronic infections by HBV. In addition, it has been demonstrated that a differential distribution of genotypes accounts according to the clinical course of the infection. Among patients from Buenos Aires city and the suburbs, genotype F represented the 36.6% (30/82) of the chronic cases, meanwhile among the symptomatic acute infections it reached the 65.2% (30/46). When chronic hepatitis were analyzed, genotype F presented a tendency to higher necroinflammatory activity. However, those viruses conform a heterogeneous group and in Argentina two of the four described subgenotypes circulate. Further researches will improve the epidemiological, biochemical and clinical description of this genotype and its subgenotypes.
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