Efecto de los bosques cultivados de Prosopis alba Grisebach y Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith sobre la diversidad de artrópodos epígeos en la ecorregión Chaco Seco, Argentina
; Santadino, Marina Vilma ; Ansa, María Agustina ; Elgue, María Sol ; Ewens, Mauricio ; Craig, Elena Beatriz ; Riquelme Virgala, María Begoña 
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06/2022
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias
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Investigacion Agraria
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1684-9086
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Español
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Resumen
En la ecorregión Chaco Seco, caracterizada por bosques xerófilos, estacionales y abiertos, lasplantaciones forestales monoespecíficas generan un fuerte impacto sobre la biodiversidad delecosistema. Es esperable que estos efectos sean menores si se utilizan especies nativas dela región. El objetivo del trabajo fue comparar el efecto de bosques implantados de Prosopisalba y Eucalyptus tereticornis sobre la diversidad de artrópodos epígeos en la ecorregiónChaco Seco. En la Estación Experimental Fernández de la Universidad Católica de Santiagodel Estero se seleccionaron tres rodales experimentales de E. tereticornis y tres de P. alba,además de tres sectores de bosque sin intervenir durante 50 años, como referencia. En otoñoy primavera, bajo la copa de 12 árboles por sitio, fueron colocadas trampas de caída durante24 h. A partir de las capturas se calcularon índices de diversidad. En otoño no se observarondiferencias entre sitios. Sin embargo, en primavera, P. alba mostró la mayor diversidad deartrópodos terrestres, en comparación con E. tereticornis y el sitio sin intervención. Losresultados podrían estar relacionados a la calidad y/o cantidad de residuos vegetales que seacumulan en los distintos rodales así como también a la flora que se desarrolla en cada sitio,siendo más favorable el aporte de P. alba a la biodiversidad. Estos resultados indicarían queel bosque cultivado de P. alba es más favorable para la conservación de la biodiversidad quelos bosques de especies foráneas en la ecorregión Chaco Seco.
In the Dry Chaco ecoregion, characterized by the presence of open and seasonal xerophytic forest, monospecific plantations generate a strong impact on the ecosystem’s biodiversity. It is expected that these effects will be less significant if native species of the region are used. In this sense, the objective of this work was to compare the effect of implanted forests of Prosopis alba and Eucalyptus tereticornis on the diversity of epigeal arthropods in the Dry Chaco ecoregion. In the Fernández Experimental Station of the Catholic University of Santiago del Estero, three forests of E. tereticornis and three of P. alba were selected, adding as a reference three sectors of forest without intervention for 50 years. In autumn and spring, under the canopy of 12 trees per site, pitfall traps were placed for 24 h. Then diversity indexes were calculated. In autumn there were no differences between sites. However, in spring, the P. alba forest showed the highest diversity of terrestrial arthropods, compared to E. tereticornis and the site without intervention. These results could be related to the quality and/or quantity of the understory that accumulate in the different forests, as well as to the flora that develops in each site, being P. Alba contribution more favorable to biodiversity. In this regard, cultivated forests of P. alba favors the conservation of biodiversity more than forests of foreign species in the Chaco Seco ecoregion.
In the Dry Chaco ecoregion, characterized by the presence of open and seasonal xerophytic forest, monospecific plantations generate a strong impact on the ecosystem’s biodiversity. It is expected that these effects will be less significant if native species of the region are used. In this sense, the objective of this work was to compare the effect of implanted forests of Prosopis alba and Eucalyptus tereticornis on the diversity of epigeal arthropods in the Dry Chaco ecoregion. In the Fernández Experimental Station of the Catholic University of Santiago del Estero, three forests of E. tereticornis and three of P. alba were selected, adding as a reference three sectors of forest without intervention for 50 years. In autumn and spring, under the canopy of 12 trees per site, pitfall traps were placed for 24 h. Then diversity indexes were calculated. In autumn there were no differences between sites. However, in spring, the P. alba forest showed the highest diversity of terrestrial arthropods, compared to E. tereticornis and the site without intervention. These results could be related to the quality and/or quantity of the understory that accumulate in the different forests, as well as to the flora that develops in each site, being P. Alba contribution more favorable to biodiversity. In this regard, cultivated forests of P. alba favors the conservation of biodiversity more than forests of foreign species in the Chaco Seco ecoregion.
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