La selección de cepas en un contexto de crisis vitivinícola, Mendoza 1960-1990
; Cicirello, Emmanuel David 
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02/2026
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Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencia Económicas
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Ejes de Economía y Sociedad
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2591-4669
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La reconversión vitivinícola en Mendoza durante la última década del siglo XX fue el resultado de transformaciones iniciadas décadas antes y escasamente analizadas. Sus orígenes pueden rastrearse desde la década de 1960, cuando tanto el sector privado como el Estado impulsaron innovaciones productivas. Este proceso no fue lineal y generó efectos heterogéneos entre los productores. En sintonía con un nuevo paradigma cualitativo ligado a la construcción social del “buen gusto” que se estaba desarrollando a nivel mundial, parte de la cadena de producción de vino de la Argentina comenzó a orientarse hacia la producción de “vinos finos” o de “calidad”. Para ello, algunos actores de la cadena promovían el desarrollo de uvas finas —como Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Bonarda, Tempranillo, Semillón y Pinot Blanco—en contraposición del modelo basado en variedades “comunes” —asociadas en gran medida con las uvas Criollas—, característica del modelo cuantitativo predominante desde fines del siglo XIX. El trabajo analiza esta transición y la heterogeneidad estructural del sector entre 1960 y 1990, a partir de censos, anuarios e informes técnicos del Instituto Nacional de Vitivinicultura, legislación e información de especialistas reproducida en revistas especializadas de la época.
The restructuring of the wine industry in Mendoza during the last decade of the twentieth century was the result of transformations , initiated decades earlier that have been scarcely analyzed. Their origins can be traced back to the 1960s, when both the private sector and the State promoted productive innovations. This process was not linear and generated heterogeneous effects among producers. In line with a new qualitative paradigm linked to th e social construction of "good taste" that was developing at a global level, part of Argentina's wine production chain began to orient itself toward the production of "fine wines" or "quality wines." To this end, some actors in the chain promoted the development of fine grape varieties —such as Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Bonarda, Tempranillo, Semillón, and Pinot Blanc — as opposed to the model based on "common" varieties —largely associated with C riolla grapes —, characteristic of the quantitative model that had predominated since the late nineteenth century. This paper analyzes this transition and the structural heterogeneity of the sector between 1960 and 1990, drawing on censuses, yearbooks, and technical reports from the National Institute of Viticulture, legislation, and specialist information reproduced in specialized journals of the period.
The restructuring of the wine industry in Mendoza during the last decade of the twentieth century was the result of transformations , initiated decades earlier that have been scarcely analyzed. Their origins can be traced back to the 1960s, when both the private sector and the State promoted productive innovations. This process was not linear and generated heterogeneous effects among producers. In line with a new qualitative paradigm linked to th e social construction of "good taste" that was developing at a global level, part of Argentina's wine production chain began to orient itself toward the production of "fine wines" or "quality wines." To this end, some actors in the chain promoted the development of fine grape varieties —such as Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Bonarda, Tempranillo, Semillón, and Pinot Blanc — as opposed to the model based on "common" varieties —largely associated with C riolla grapes —, characteristic of the quantitative model that had predominated since the late nineteenth century. This paper analyzes this transition and the structural heterogeneity of the sector between 1960 and 1990, drawing on censuses, yearbooks, and technical reports from the National Institute of Viticulture, legislation, and specialist information reproduced in specialized journals of the period.
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