Metabolismo fósil del agro argentino: claves ecológico-políticas

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03/2025
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Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales Ecuador
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Letras Verdes
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1390-6631
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Introducción: mientras los principales análisis sobre la crisis ambiental se centran en las emisiones de CO2 de los sistemas de transporte y la infraestructura urbano-industrial, el sistema agroalimentario queda minimizado dentro de esta agenda. Dado su significativo impacto ecológico como sus implicancias políticas, en este artículo se busca aportar al estudio del metabolismo agroalimentario capitalista con foco en el caso argentino. Objetivo: el objetivo del trabajo es revisar los consumos energéticos e impactos ecológico-climáticos del sistema agrícola exportador, con foco en los consumos de fertilizantes y combustible. Asimismo, se propone correlativamente exhibir rasgos clave de la estructura agraria y exportadora sobre la que se organiza ese metabolismo. Metodología: para operativizar el abordaje, se apela a la noción de metabolismo social. Se reconstruyen primeramente sus vertientes económico-ecológicas como ecomarxistas, y se da cuenta de su relevancia para la comprensión histórico-global del régimen agroalimentario capitalista. Conclusiones: a partir del relevamiento de datos se plantea tanto la necesidad científica como la relevancia política de nuevos y detallados análisis metabólicos del sistema agroalimentario argentino, que incorporen las responsabilidades diferenciales de los agentes involucrados en sus distintos eslabonamientos.
Introduction: While the main analyses of the environmental crisis focus on CO2 emissions from transportation systems and urban-industrial infrastructure, the agriculture and food systems are minimized within this agenda. Given its significant ecological impact and political implications, this article seeks to contribute to the research study of capitalist food metabolism focusing on the Argentine case. Objective: The work aims to review the state of the art in terms of energy consumption and ecological-climatic impacts of the agricultural export system with a focus on fertilizer and fuel consumption. Likewise, it is correlatively proposed to exhibit key features of the agrarian and export structure on which this metabolism is organized. Methodology: To operationalize the approach, we appeal to the notion of social metabolism, first reconstructing its economic-ecological aspects as ecological Marxism and explaining its relevance for the historical-global understanding of the capitalist food regime. Conclusions: From the data survey, both the scientific need and the political relevance of new and detailed metabolic analyses of the Argentine agriculture system arise, which also considers the differential responsibilities of the agents involved in its different links.
Introduction: While the main analyses of the environmental crisis focus on CO2 emissions from transportation systems and urban-industrial infrastructure, the agriculture and food systems are minimized within this agenda. Given its significant ecological impact and political implications, this article seeks to contribute to the research study of capitalist food metabolism focusing on the Argentine case. Objective: The work aims to review the state of the art in terms of energy consumption and ecological-climatic impacts of the agricultural export system with a focus on fertilizer and fuel consumption. Likewise, it is correlatively proposed to exhibit key features of the agrarian and export structure on which this metabolism is organized. Methodology: To operationalize the approach, we appeal to the notion of social metabolism, first reconstructing its economic-ecological aspects as ecological Marxism and explaining its relevance for the historical-global understanding of the capitalist food regime. Conclusions: From the data survey, both the scientific need and the political relevance of new and detailed metabolic analyses of the Argentine agriculture system arise, which also considers the differential responsibilities of the agents involved in its different links.
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