Escuela, trabajo y desigualdad en la era digital. Claves desde la formación de oficios digitales a sectores desaventajados

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Fecha
10/2021
Editorial
Universidad Nacional del Litoral
Revista
Itinerarios Educativos
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1850-3853
eISSN
2362-5554
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Español
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Resumen
La educación escolarizada es un dispositivo moderno y como tal asume rasgos que dialogan con condiciones de época prácticamente extinguidas en el contexto contemporáneo. La escuela secundaria, además, surge como una institución selectiva, destinada sólo para algunos. En la Argentina los sectores populares pudieron acceder a este nivel incorporándose a circuitos de escolarización técnica, concebidos especialmente para ellos. Esta diferenciación se basa en la jerarquización de los saberes realizada por la modernidad, que distinguió entre teoría y práctica, destrezas intelectuales y manuales. La crítica a este modelo es de larga data, pero es en el contexto contemporáneo y con los profundos cambios epistemológicos, culturales y tecnológicos que conlleva la era digital que existe mayor consenso para repensar el proyecto formativo de la escuela secundaria. En este marco han surgido una serie de ofertas de formación en oficios digitales orientadas a jóvenes de barrios populares que parecen refutar la tesis del capital cultural de origen trazadas por la sociología crítica hace medio siglo para la escuela. Este trabajo se propone auscultar dichas ofertas a la luz de ejes escolares que hoy están siendo revisados (uso de las TIC, propuesta pedagógica, relación con el conocimiento) para aportar evidencia que problematice el carácter epistemológico-pedagógico en el que se cifra la desigualdad que produce y reproduce la escuela.
School education is a modern device that starts from a dialogue with an almost extinct era. Secondary school, moreover, emerges as a selective institution intended only for some. In Argentina, working-class teenagers were able to access this level by joining technical schooling programs especially designed for them. This distinction is based on the hierarchisation of knowledge outlined by modernity, which distinguished theory and practice, intellectual and manual skills. there is a long-standing criticism against this model, which has grown and led to greater consensus on rethinking this educational project as a result of the profound epistemological, cultural, and technological changes brought about by the digital era. In this context, a series of trainings in digital trades oriented to young people from working-class neighbourhoods have emerged and seem to refute the thesis of the cultural capital of origin traced by critical sociology for schools half a century ago. By analyzing these offers in the light of the school core concepts that are currently under review (use of ICT, pedagogical proposal, relationship with knowledge), we provide evidence that might pose questions about the epistemologicalpedagogical character that leads to the inequality produced and reproduced by school.
School education is a modern device that starts from a dialogue with an almost extinct era. Secondary school, moreover, emerges as a selective institution intended only for some. In Argentina, working-class teenagers were able to access this level by joining technical schooling programs especially designed for them. This distinction is based on the hierarchisation of knowledge outlined by modernity, which distinguished theory and practice, intellectual and manual skills. there is a long-standing criticism against this model, which has grown and led to greater consensus on rethinking this educational project as a result of the profound epistemological, cultural, and technological changes brought about by the digital era. In this context, a series of trainings in digital trades oriented to young people from working-class neighbourhoods have emerged and seem to refute the thesis of the cultural capital of origin traced by critical sociology for schools half a century ago. By analyzing these offers in the light of the school core concepts that are currently under review (use of ICT, pedagogical proposal, relationship with knowledge), we provide evidence that might pose questions about the epistemologicalpedagogical character that leads to the inequality produced and reproduced by school.
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