Yacon: an ancestral root with a modern approach to food science

Abstract

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), is an ancestral autochthonous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. According to archaeological evidence, yacon has been used by Nazca, Paracas and Mochica cultures from the coast of Perú. Fructooligosaccharides are abundant in this root, representing a natural source of prebiotics to ensure a healthy intestinal microbiota. Herbal infusion with yacon leaves are used in the folk medicine to reduce plasma glucose level. We discussed this ancient root as a way to revalorize its nutritional and functional properties and use it as bioingredient to develop new functional foods. Human and animal studies that support their prebiotic, antioxidant, immuno-modulator, and hypoglycemic function are detailed, as well as the technological challenges directed towards the sustainable new uses of this ancient food.