Tecnología Agropecuaria y Agronegocios. La Lógica Subyacente del Modelo Tecnológico Dominante

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Fecha
05/2015
Editorial
Revista
Mundo Agrario
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1515-5994
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Resumen
El artículo analiza las principales características del modelo tecnológico del agronegocio en la Argentina, discute sus principales problemas y propone una reflexión que enmarque la problemática en contextos económicos y políticos más amplios. Esta tecnología es descripta como technological fix y se presentan tres atributos principales: instantaneidad, transitoriedad y recurrencia. La supuesta eficiencia del modelo productivo ocurre a expensas de la dilapidación del capital natural y de los costos que internalizan otros actores sociales, ya sea vía acumulación por desposesión o a través de la socialización y del diferimiento temporal de sus externalidades negativas. Su fortaleza radica en que su poder trasciende largamente la esfera tecnológica. Poner en dudas al actual modelo implica no sólo cuestionar a su cabeza visible (i.e., el agronegocio), sino también objetar a las instituciones (científicas, educativas, legales y administrativas) y a las estructuras políticas que lo sostienen. Finalmente, el artículo discute algunas alternativas y propone desarrollar una agronomía política para Latinoamérica.
The paper analyses the main characteristics of the technological model fostered by agribusiness in Argentina, discusses its main problems and highlights the need to analyze it within a broader economic and political context. This technology is described as a technological fix and three main attributes are presented: instantaneity, transitoriness, and recurrence. The supposed efficiency of the productive model fostered by agribusiness occurs at the expense of natural capital depletion and at the costs internalized by other social actors. This is happening either via accumulation by dispossession, or through the socialization and temporal deferment of its negative externalities. Its strength largely transcends the technological domains. To bring this model into question would imply not only to object its visible head (i.e., agribusiness), but also to question the institutions (scientific, educative, juridical, and administrative) and the political structures that support it. Finally, the paper discusses some alternatives and suggests to develop a political agronomy for Latin America.
The paper analyses the main characteristics of the technological model fostered by agribusiness in Argentina, discusses its main problems and highlights the need to analyze it within a broader economic and political context. This technology is described as a technological fix and three main attributes are presented: instantaneity, transitoriness, and recurrence. The supposed efficiency of the productive model fostered by agribusiness occurs at the expense of natural capital depletion and at the costs internalized by other social actors. This is happening either via accumulation by dispossession, or through the socialization and temporal deferment of its negative externalities. Its strength largely transcends the technological domains. To bring this model into question would imply not only to object its visible head (i.e., agribusiness), but also to question the institutions (scientific, educative, juridical, and administrative) and the political structures that support it. Finally, the paper discusses some alternatives and suggests to develop a political agronomy for Latin America.
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