Soldadura cerámica: método de reparación de revestimientos refractarios

Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2008
Editorial
Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio
Revista
Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0366-3175
eISSN
2173-0431
ISBN
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
El proceso de soldadura cerámica es un atractivo método para la reparación en caliente de revestimientos refractarios de equipamientos industriales. Consiste en la proyección a alta temperatura de una mezcla de soldadura en polvo mediante una corriente rica en oxígeno sobre el material refractario dañado. La mezcla contiene agregados refractarios gruesos compatibles con el sustrato a reparar y un combustible sólido (finas partículas oxidables, metálicas y/o no metálicas) que actúa como agente exotérmico en el proceso. Cuando las partículas combustibles impactan en la superficie caliente del sustrato (1000-1500°C), reaccionan con el oxígeno liberando calor y alcanzando localmente temperaturas de 2000-2500ºC. Estas temperaturas producen la fusión parcial tanto del sustrato como de la carga de soldadura formándose una unión cerámica entre ambos. Existe muy escasa bibliografía sobre el tema y la mayor parte de la información está protegida por patentes, existiendo ciertas discrepancias entre las disponibles. En este trabajo se presentan los principales aspectos de las investigaciones sobre el tema que han sido relevadas, incluyendo resultados y conclusiones de un estudio desarrollado sobre soldadura cerámica a escala laboratorio para la reparación de ladrillos de sílice de uso siderúrgico.
The ceramic welding process is a unique hot repair technique for refractory linings in industrial equipments. This process consists of projecting a weld mix in powder by means of a current of oxygen or oxygen/air onto the refractory surface to be restored. The weld mix content refractory particles chemically compatible with the refractory to be repaired and a solid combustible (oxidizable fine particles, metallic and/or non metallic) as exotermic agent. When the combustible particles ignites at contact with the hot face (1000-1500°C), an exotermic reaction with oxygen occurs developing temperatures of the order of 2000-2500°C. The heat generated from this reaction is enough to melt the surface to be repaired and allowing a very close bond to be formed between the repaired area and the deposited material. There are limited data in literature about ceramic welding and the larger part of the information is protected by patents. Several differences between the available patents were detected. In this work, the principal aspects of researches about ceramic welding that had been relieved are present, including results and conclusions from a study accomplished about ceramic welding (design and set up of a test in laboratory, and evaluation of the reparations) for the reparation of silica bricks employed to build coke ovens.
The ceramic welding process is a unique hot repair technique for refractory linings in industrial equipments. This process consists of projecting a weld mix in powder by means of a current of oxygen or oxygen/air onto the refractory surface to be restored. The weld mix content refractory particles chemically compatible with the refractory to be repaired and a solid combustible (oxidizable fine particles, metallic and/or non metallic) as exotermic agent. When the combustible particles ignites at contact with the hot face (1000-1500°C), an exotermic reaction with oxygen occurs developing temperatures of the order of 2000-2500°C. The heat generated from this reaction is enough to melt the surface to be repaired and allowing a very close bond to be formed between the repaired area and the deposited material. There are limited data in literature about ceramic welding and the larger part of the information is protected by patents. Several differences between the available patents were detected. In this work, the principal aspects of researches about ceramic welding that had been relieved are present, including results and conclusions from a study accomplished about ceramic welding (design and set up of a test in laboratory, and evaluation of the reparations) for the reparation of silica bricks employed to build coke ovens.
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