Los territorios de la nueva agricultura en el Cono Sur
; Alvarado, Raquel Otros responsables
Fecha
11/2010
Editorial
Programa Interdisciplinario de Estudios Agrarios
Revista
Revista Interdisciplinaria de Estudios Agrarios
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1514-1535
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Español
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Resumen
La aparición de la llamada nueva agricultura en los países del Cono Sur tuvo una serie de consecuencias ambientales, económicas y sociales, pero también territoriales. Las nuevas producciones, impulsadas por el crecimiento de la demanda internacional, las grandes inversiones, los cambios tecnológicos y la búsqueda de tierra accesible y barata, poseen una dinámica territorial particular, caracterizada por procesos muy fuertes de expansión basados en diferentes combinaciones de actores, escenarios ambientales y procesos técnicos. En algunos casos, la dinámica es tan intensa que se llegan a conformar verdaderos territorios trasnacionales, adonde los productores de un país cruzan las fronteras políticas y se expanden por los países vecinos, como es el caso de la soja y del arroz y, si bien en forma diferente, de la forestación. El crecimiento territorial de la nueva agricultura no ha dejado de generar discusiones entre los que destacan los elementos negativos, reales o potenciales, y los que remarcan sus ventajas; pero hasta el momento, y ante la falta de procesos efectivos de ordenamiento territorial y control ambiental, todo indica que la expansión continuará mientras los mercados globales continúen demandando alimentos.
The growth of what has been called “new agriculture” in the Southern Cone of Latin America had several environmental, economic and social consequences. But it also has a territorial dimension characterized by the fast spatial expansion of crops as soybean, rice and forestry, supported by different combinations of environment potentialities, economic actors and technical management. This expansion was fuelled by the growth of the international demand of food, large investment, technological change and the agrobusiness` search for cheap and accessible land. In some cases, the force of spatial expansion is so strong that large agricultural producers of countries like Argentina and Brazil cross the political frontiers and conform truly trasnational territories as is the case of soybean production in Uruguay, Paraguay and Bolivia and rice in Uruguay and Argentina. This territorial expansion has generated several discussions between those that remark the potential or real negative side of the new agriculture and those that shows their advantages. But up to now, lacking effective plans of territorial organization and environmental damages, the territorial expansion will continue as long as the demand for food continues.
The growth of what has been called “new agriculture” in the Southern Cone of Latin America had several environmental, economic and social consequences. But it also has a territorial dimension characterized by the fast spatial expansion of crops as soybean, rice and forestry, supported by different combinations of environment potentialities, economic actors and technical management. This expansion was fuelled by the growth of the international demand of food, large investment, technological change and the agrobusiness` search for cheap and accessible land. In some cases, the force of spatial expansion is so strong that large agricultural producers of countries like Argentina and Brazil cross the political frontiers and conform truly trasnational territories as is the case of soybean production in Uruguay, Paraguay and Bolivia and rice in Uruguay and Argentina. This territorial expansion has generated several discussions between those that remark the potential or real negative side of the new agriculture and those that shows their advantages. But up to now, lacking effective plans of territorial organization and environmental damages, the territorial expansion will continue as long as the demand for food continues.
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