Malestar percibido en el contexto laboral docente: Un instrumento para su evaluación
; Schufer, Marta Leonor
; Marro, Manuel ; Aranda, C. ; Coria, E. ; Muiños, Roberto Daniel ; Dominguez Halpern, S. ; Schmidt, Vanina Ines
; Casullo, Gabriela Carolina ; Gonzales, M. A. ; Szabo, P. ; Marconi, A. Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2001
Editorial
Asociación Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica
Revista
Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1135-3848
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Español
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Resumen
Introducción: Los contextos donde se desarrollan las actividades humanas presentan características distintivas que tienen importantes implicaciones cuando se elaboran y aplican procedimientos de evaluación. La elección del contexto de empleo se debe a la acuciante relevancia que tiene para la salud de importantes sectores de nuestra población. Moos (1992) ha desarrollado un marco conceptual socioecológico y postula que la relación entre los sucesos vitales estresantes y las conductas adaptativas se encuentran influidas por el sistema personal y el contextual. los recursos de la red social y las respuestas de evaluación y afrontamiento. Objetivos: presentar un instrumento (IMPAL-D) que mide el malestar que ocasionan estresores específicos del contexto de empleo docente. tal como es percibido por los sujetos. Método: análisis de tres fuentes de datos: bibliografía especializada. entrevistas a informantes clave y entrevistas semi-estructuradas a empleados. Resultados: elaboración de un instrumento cuya consigna es evaluar el grado de malestar (excesivo. mediano o escaso) que provocan hechos relacionados con: medio ambiente físico en el trabajo, factores propios de la tarea, organización del tiempo de trabajo, aspectos institucionales, cambios tecnológicos Y aspectos personales. La escala es de tipo aditiva para cada una de las subescalas y tiene validez para la situación argentina actual. Se presentan resultados del impacto de los diferentes estresores en la muestra estudiada. Conclusiones: El instrumento elaborado ha mostrado sensibilidad para evaluar el impacto de estresores cotidianos en el contexto laboral docente, permitiendo jerarquizar las áreas de origen de los sucesos estresantes.
Introduction: The contexts where human activities take place show distinctive characteristics that have important implications when evaluation procedures are developped and administered. The employment context was chosen because its importance for many people in our society. Moos (1992) has developped a socioecological conceptual frame and states that the relationships among stressful life events and adaptative behaviours are influenced by the personal and contextual systems. the resources of the social network and the evaluation and coping responses. Objectives: to present an instrument (IMPAL-D) that measures the uneasiness that specific stressors of the employment context cause as perceived by subjects. Method: analysis of three sources of data: specialized bibliography. interviews with key informants and semi-structured interviews with employees. Results: elaboration of an instrument that measures the degree of uneasiness (excessive, moderate, limited) caused by events related to: physical environment at work, factors inherent to the task, organization of work schedule, institutional aspects. technological changes. personal aspects. The scale is aditive in each subscales and is valid for the present situation in Argentina. Results of the impact of specific stressors of the employment context in the sample studied are shown. Conclusions: The instrument has showed sensitivity to assess the impact of daily stressors in the employment context and to arrange hierarchically the areas where the stressors originate.
Introduction: The contexts where human activities take place show distinctive characteristics that have important implications when evaluation procedures are developped and administered. The employment context was chosen because its importance for many people in our society. Moos (1992) has developped a socioecological conceptual frame and states that the relationships among stressful life events and adaptative behaviours are influenced by the personal and contextual systems. the resources of the social network and the evaluation and coping responses. Objectives: to present an instrument (IMPAL-D) that measures the uneasiness that specific stressors of the employment context cause as perceived by subjects. Method: analysis of three sources of data: specialized bibliography. interviews with key informants and semi-structured interviews with employees. Results: elaboration of an instrument that measures the degree of uneasiness (excessive, moderate, limited) caused by events related to: physical environment at work, factors inherent to the task, organization of work schedule, institutional aspects. technological changes. personal aspects. The scale is aditive in each subscales and is valid for the present situation in Argentina. Results of the impact of specific stressors of the employment context in the sample studied are shown. Conclusions: The instrument has showed sensitivity to assess the impact of daily stressors in the employment context and to arrange hierarchically the areas where the stressors originate.
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