Prácticas mortuorias y parentesco genético: STRs en muestras de individuos prehispánicos de la Quebrada de Humahuaca
; Russo, Maria Gabriela
; Dejean, Cristina Beatriz ; Otero, Clarisa
; Rivolta, Maria Clara ; Seldes, Verónica 
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Fecha
07/2024
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales
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InterSecciones en Antropología
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1850-373X
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El estudio de las prácticas mortuorias prehispánicas es factible de abordar desde los estudios genéticos, debido a que el ADN antiguo permite analizar relaciones de parentesco biológico. A partir de marcadores microsatélites de ocho individuos de los sitios Sarahuaico, Juella y Pucará de Tilcara (Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy), adscriptos a los Períodos 2, 3 y 4 respectivamente, se calculó el coeficiente de parentesco (r) y la probabilidad posterior por pedigrí entre individuos de un mismo sitio. Los resultados indican que para el caso de Sarahuaico, los dos individuos provenientes del mismo entierro no presentan vínculo genético. De manera similar, las tres muestras de Juella procedentes de diferentes espacios de entierro, tampoco exhibieron parentesco. Por el contrario, dos de los individuos del Pucará de Tilcara, que provienen de diferentes recintos, evidencian relación filial de segundo grado. Estos resultados difieren de estudios previos de los mismos periodos en sitios de la región, lo cual propicia nuevos panoramas sobre la diversidad de prácticas mortuorias prehispánicas. Dado que el número de muestras es bajo, es necesario ser cautelosos en la interpretación de los resultados, a la vez que continuar profundizando el análisis y aumentando el número de individuos analizados para corroborar los patrones hallados.
It is feasible to approach the study of pre-Hispanic mortuary practices from genetic studies, given that ancient DNA allows biological kinship relationships to be analyzed. From microsatellite markers of eight individuals from the sites of Sarahuaico, Juella and Pucará de Tilcara in the Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy, ascribed to Periods 2, 3 and 4, respectively, the kinship coefficient (r) and the posterior probability by pedigree between individuals from the same site were calculated. The results indicate that, in the case of Sarahuaico, the two individuals found in the same burial had no genetic/biological linkage. Similarly, the three Juella samples analyzed that came from different burial sites were also unrelated. In contrast, two of the skeletal remains recovered from Pucará de Tilcara, which came from different burial sites, showed evidence of second-degree filial relationship. These results differ from previous studies of sites in the Quebrada de Humahuaca for the same periods, so provide new insights into the diversity of mortuary practices in the region. Given that the number of samples per site is still low, it is necessary to be cautious about the results and their interpretation, while continuing to deepen the analysis and increasing the number of individuals analyzed to corroborate the patterns found.
It is feasible to approach the study of pre-Hispanic mortuary practices from genetic studies, given that ancient DNA allows biological kinship relationships to be analyzed. From microsatellite markers of eight individuals from the sites of Sarahuaico, Juella and Pucará de Tilcara in the Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy, ascribed to Periods 2, 3 and 4, respectively, the kinship coefficient (r) and the posterior probability by pedigree between individuals from the same site were calculated. The results indicate that, in the case of Sarahuaico, the two individuals found in the same burial had no genetic/biological linkage. Similarly, the three Juella samples analyzed that came from different burial sites were also unrelated. In contrast, two of the skeletal remains recovered from Pucará de Tilcara, which came from different burial sites, showed evidence of second-degree filial relationship. These results differ from previous studies of sites in the Quebrada de Humahuaca for the same periods, so provide new insights into the diversity of mortuary practices in the region. Given that the number of samples per site is still low, it is necessary to be cautious about the results and their interpretation, while continuing to deepen the analysis and increasing the number of individuals analyzed to corroborate the patterns found.
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