Políticas y género en Argentina: aportes desde la antropología y el feminismo
; Gonzalez Martin, Miranda
; Pais Andrade, Marcela Alejandra 
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Fecha
06/2013
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Asociación Contubernio
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Encrucijadas
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2174-6753
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Resumen
Las políticas públicas, herramienta de poder indispensable para el ejercicio de gobierno de la población, definen “problemas” y “poblaciones” como objetos de intervención. Tales políticas se presentan como producto de un conocimiento experto y técnico que, por lo mismo, se coloca por encima y por fuera de la sociedad, que lo asume neutral, objetivo. Desde allí, el colectivo “mujeres” aparece en la agenda de políticas públicas, al tiempo que la academia se hace eco de ella. Centrándose en los estudios etnográficos volcados a las políticas y la vida cotidiana, los estudios culturales, los estudios post-coloniales y el feminismo crítico, este artículo analiza los aportes de la antropología para abordar las diversas formas y sentidos de las actuales políticas públicas, con la intención de (re)conocer los modos en que ellas organizan, producen y reproducen lo que se entiende por femenino y masculino. Simultáneamente, interesa desnaturalizar la construcción de subjetividades homogéneas –generizadas y sexuadas– atendiendo a las diversas modalidades de acción, demandas y resistencias a través de las cuales los sujetos se definen y redefinen a sí mismos, y que los revela transformadores de las políticas.
Public policies are an indispensable tool for the exercise of power through government of population. These policies define both "problems" and "populations" as objects of intervention. They are stated as a product of a technical expertise, placed above and outside society, and, therefore, assumed as neutral and objective. This same logic enables the group "women" on the public policies agenda, generating various responses from the academic realm. Taking into account ethnographic studies focused on policies and everyday life, cultural studies, post-colonial studies and critical feminism, this article analyzes the contributions of anthropology to address the various forms and meanings of existing policies. By this it is intended to (re)cognize the ways in which these policies organize, produce and reproduce what is meant by female and male. As well as de-naturalizing the construction of homogeneous subjectivities - gendered and sexed- by focusing on the various modes of action, demands and resistance through which individuals define and redefine themselves, and which reveal them as transforming these same policies.
Public policies are an indispensable tool for the exercise of power through government of population. These policies define both "problems" and "populations" as objects of intervention. They are stated as a product of a technical expertise, placed above and outside society, and, therefore, assumed as neutral and objective. This same logic enables the group "women" on the public policies agenda, generating various responses from the academic realm. Taking into account ethnographic studies focused on policies and everyday life, cultural studies, post-colonial studies and critical feminism, this article analyzes the contributions of anthropology to address the various forms and meanings of existing policies. By this it is intended to (re)cognize the ways in which these policies organize, produce and reproduce what is meant by female and male. As well as de-naturalizing the construction of homogeneous subjectivities - gendered and sexed- by focusing on the various modes of action, demands and resistance through which individuals define and redefine themselves, and which reveal them as transforming these same policies.
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