Sustainable production models in rural Galicia: environmental challenges in community forest management.

Abstract

The article analyses the Common Forest Lands in Galicia, exploring their role in promoting environmental sustainability in response to challenges such as industrial forest monoculture, environmental degradation, and population ageing. Using a qualitative methodology that combines a literature review and field observations, the study details the historical, organisational, and productive characteristics of these communities, with a focus on their transition toward more sustainable production models. The work is structured into three main parts: first, it describes the historical and organisational context of Common Forest Lands; second, it examines the negative impacts of industrial forest monoculture in these territories such as biodiversity loss and increased wildfires; and third, it discusses the intergenerational factors influencing the adoption of sustainable practices, highlighting the importance of child and youth participation. The conclusions underscore the need for inclusive public policies that address structural barriers, promote economic diversification, and encourage intergenerational participation in resource management. This study contributes to the debate on sustainability and community governance, providing a theoretical and practical framework for future research on collective management models in rural contexts.