Del espacio aniquilado al espacio disfrutado: Los mapas del Ferrocarril al Pacífico (Argentina, 1899-1930)

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Fecha
06/2023
Editorial
Universidad de Costa Rica. Escuela de Arquitectura
Revista
Revistarquis
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2215-275X
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Español
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Resumen
Los constantes cambios ocasionados por el desarrollo del tendido ferroviario en Argentina a fines del siglo XIX implicaron la necesidad de visualizar e interpretar tanto un territorio nacional en expansión como el proceso mismo de transformación de ese territorio. Para ello se desplegaron diversas estrategias posibilitadas por las condiciones técnicas de la época que tuvieron a su vez un efecto de sentido e impactaron en la propia percepción del viaje como experiencia novedosa. En este trabajo me propongo abordar esas estrategias, a partir del análisis de cinco mapas murales de la compañía del Ferrocarril Buenos Aires al Pacífico, publicados entre 1899 y 1925 y su puesta en relación con otros objetos impresos de la compañía. Tomando como disparador el concepto de space in-between de Wolfgang Schivelbusch, es posible observar una tendencia que va desde la aniquilación del espacio intermedio entre las estaciones (vacío, peligroso o irrelevante) hacia la valorización y disfrute de ese espacio y del viaje como experiencia moderna. Como se intentará demostrar, en este cambio influyeron tanto decisiones políticas y económicas en torno al territorio como el desarrollo de la cultura gráfica y la publicidad en el propio ámbito ferroviario.
The constant changes caused by the development of the railway in Argentina at the end of the 19th century implied the need to visualize and interpret both an expanding national territory and the process of transformation itself. For this purpose, different strategies possible by the technical conditions of the time were deployed, which had an effect of meaning and impacted on the perception of travel as a novel experience. In this work I try to look at these strategies, starting with the analysis of five wall maps published by the Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway Co. between 1899 and 1925 and their relationship with other printed objects of the company. Thinking in Wolfgang Schivelbusch's concept of space in-between, it is possible to observe a trend from the annihilation of the space between the stations (empty, dangerous, or irrelevant) towards the valorization and enjoyment of travel as an experience modern. As I want to demonstrate, this change was influenced by political and economic decisions regarding the territory and the development of graphic culture and advertising discipline in the railway area.
The constant changes caused by the development of the railway in Argentina at the end of the 19th century implied the need to visualize and interpret both an expanding national territory and the process of transformation itself. For this purpose, different strategies possible by the technical conditions of the time were deployed, which had an effect of meaning and impacted on the perception of travel as a novel experience. In this work I try to look at these strategies, starting with the analysis of five wall maps published by the Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway Co. between 1899 and 1925 and their relationship with other printed objects of the company. Thinking in Wolfgang Schivelbusch's concept of space in-between, it is possible to observe a trend from the annihilation of the space between the stations (empty, dangerous, or irrelevant) towards the valorization and enjoyment of travel as an experience modern. As I want to demonstrate, this change was influenced by political and economic decisions regarding the territory and the development of graphic culture and advertising discipline in the railway area.
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