Técnica de abordaje para la descripción in situ del estómago de la alpaca (Vicugna pacos) y sus relaciones anatómicas
; Carrica Illia, María Paula ; Zimmermann, Bárbara ; Barbeito, Claudio Gustavo
; Castro, Alejandra Nelly Cristina Otros responsables
Fecha
08/2025
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Revista
Analecta Veterinaria
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1514-2590
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Español
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Resumen
Los camélidos sudamericanos son mamíferos artiodáctilos adaptados a condiciones extremas, que pertenecen al orden Artiodactyla, suborden Tylopoda y familia Camelidae. Poseen un estómago policavitario formado por tres compartimentos y, en consecuencia, una estructura digestiva compleja que requiere un análisis detallado para comprender plenamente sus características morfológicas. Esto los diferencia del suborden Pecora, cuyo estómago está formado por cuatro compartimentos. Para la descripción de las relaciones anatómicas del estómago de la alpaca in situ, se delimitaron las regiones abdominales y se retiraron los diferentes planos que conforman sus paredes, modificando la técnica propuesta para esta especie por otros autores. En cuanto a la ubicación de los compartimentos gástricos en el abdomen, el craneal se ubicó en la mitad izquierda de la cavidad. Su superficie visceral se relacionó craneodorsalmente con el compartimento intermedio, el cual se ubicó en caudal del diafragma, y ventralmente con el compartimento caudal, ubicado a la derecha del plano mediano. El abordaje de la cavidad abdominal representa una herramienta fundamental para la descripción anatómica, las maniobras quirúrgicas y la necropsia en estas especies. Además, permite ampliar el conocimiento de la anatomía comparada con otras especies que poseen estómago policavitario.
South American camelids are artiodactyl mammals adapted to extreme conditions. They belong to the order Artiodactyla, suborder Tylopoda, and family Camelidae. These species possess a polycavitary stomach consisting of three compartments and, consequently, a complex digestive structure that requires detailed analysis to fully understand their morphological characteristics, which differentiate them from the suborder Pecora, whose stomach is formed by four compartments. To describe the anatomical relationships of the stomach of the alpaca in situ, the abdominal regions were delimited and the different planes that make up their walls were removed, modifying the technique proposed for this species by other authors. Regarding the location of the gastric compartments in the abdomen, the cranial compartment was located in the left half of the cavity. Its visceral surface was related craniodorsally to the intermediate compartment, which was located caudal to the diaphragm, and ventrally to the caudal compartment, located to the right of the median plane. The approach to the abdominal cavity represents a fundamental tool for anatomical description, surgical maneuvers and necropsy in these species. It also allows for a better understanding of the anatomy compared to other species with a multicavitary stomach.
South American camelids are artiodactyl mammals adapted to extreme conditions. They belong to the order Artiodactyla, suborder Tylopoda, and family Camelidae. These species possess a polycavitary stomach consisting of three compartments and, consequently, a complex digestive structure that requires detailed analysis to fully understand their morphological characteristics, which differentiate them from the suborder Pecora, whose stomach is formed by four compartments. To describe the anatomical relationships of the stomach of the alpaca in situ, the abdominal regions were delimited and the different planes that make up their walls were removed, modifying the technique proposed for this species by other authors. Regarding the location of the gastric compartments in the abdomen, the cranial compartment was located in the left half of the cavity. Its visceral surface was related craniodorsally to the intermediate compartment, which was located caudal to the diaphragm, and ventrally to the caudal compartment, located to the right of the median plane. The approach to the abdominal cavity represents a fundamental tool for anatomical description, surgical maneuvers and necropsy in these species. It also allows for a better understanding of the anatomy compared to other species with a multicavitary stomach.
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