Versus el neoliberalismo: El pluriverso de las protestas en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Colombia durante el año 2019
; Lucca, Juan Bautista
; Puello Socarrás, José Francisco 
Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2022
Editorial
Taylor & Francis
Revista
Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0826-3663
eISSN
2333-1461
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Español
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Resumen
El año 2019 fue testigo de la mayor oleada de movimientos antigubernamentales masivos no violentos de la que se tenga registro, hasta ese momento, a nivel mundial. Brasil, Chile, Colombia y Argentina se encuentran entre los países que experimentaron importantes acciones contenciosas, en frecuencia e intensidad, dentro de la región latinoamericana. El argumento principal de este artículo señala que estas manifestaciones pueden comprenderse a partir de la conjunción entre los déficits críticos en la representación democrática y el deterioro sostenido de ejes específicos de la economía política, como la profundización de las desigualdades y exclusiones socioeconómicas y socioambientales, entendidas en el marco de la matriz productiva neo-extractivista. Además de potenciar una aproximación a las protestas desde sus particularidades micro-políticas también habría que destacar el pluriverso que las atraviesa (Dussell, Grosfoguel), es decir, la diversidad de sus expresiones, pues las protestas como hechos disruptivos constituyen acontecimientos sociohistóricos múltiples y contingentes que (re)formulan las dinámicas, lógicas y contradicciones en las relaciones de poder. A través de las reivindicaciones que revelan y cristalizan, las manifestaciones selectivamente exponen potenciales transformadores y, en tanto pliegues y cisuras de la vida social y política, interpelan – inclusive, modifican – los discursos sobre el ser universal instituido y, de esta manera, los cursos de la historia.
The year 2019 witnessed the largest wave of massive nonviolent anti-government movements on record globally. Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Argentina were among the countries that experienced large-scale contentious actions, in frequencies and intensities, in Latin America and the Caribbean. The hypothesis of this reflection is that this episode of social demonstrations could be understood from the articulation between the critical deficits in democratic representation and the sustained deterioration of specific axes in the political economy: the deepening of inequalities and the progressive socioeconomic and socio-environmental exclusions, both understood within the framework of the neo-extractivist productive matrix. In addition to fostering an approach to protests from their micro-political particularities, we should also highlight the pluriverse that runs through them (Dussell, Grosfoguel), that is, the diversity of their expressions, since protests as disruptive events constitute multiple and contingent socio-historical events that (re)formulate the dynamics, logics and contradictions in power relations. Through the claims that the demonstrations reveal and crystallize, they selectively expose transformative potentials and, as folds and fissures of social and political life, they question–and even modify–the discourses on the instituted universal being and, in this way, the courses of history.
The year 2019 witnessed the largest wave of massive nonviolent anti-government movements on record globally. Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Argentina were among the countries that experienced large-scale contentious actions, in frequencies and intensities, in Latin America and the Caribbean. The hypothesis of this reflection is that this episode of social demonstrations could be understood from the articulation between the critical deficits in democratic representation and the sustained deterioration of specific axes in the political economy: the deepening of inequalities and the progressive socioeconomic and socio-environmental exclusions, both understood within the framework of the neo-extractivist productive matrix. In addition to fostering an approach to protests from their micro-political particularities, we should also highlight the pluriverse that runs through them (Dussell, Grosfoguel), that is, the diversity of their expressions, since protests as disruptive events constitute multiple and contingent socio-historical events that (re)formulate the dynamics, logics and contradictions in power relations. Through the claims that the demonstrations reveal and crystallize, they selectively expose transformative potentials and, as folds and fissures of social and political life, they question–and even modify–the discourses on the instituted universal being and, in this way, the courses of history.
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