"Colonias desaparecidas": El impacto socioterritorial de la violencia en el ámbito rural de la provincia de Tucumán (1975-1983)

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Fecha
12/2022
Editorial
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Geohistóricas
Revista
Folia Histórica del Nordeste
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0325-8238
eISSN
2525-1627
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Resumen
La represión política en la provincia de Tucumán (Argentina) durante la década del 70 se vio exacerbada en 1975, con el inicio del operativo de contrainsurgencia conocido como “Operativo Independencia” y, luego, durante la última dictadura cívico-militar. En este artículo abordaré la reconfiguración espacial de las colonias azucareras del ex-Ingenio Santa Lucía durante este período. Los análisis sobre la violencia en el espacio que abordan dicho periodo han ido ampliándose en las últimas décadas, incluyendo problemáticas ligadas, entre otras, a las “villas de emergencias”, los poblados históricos y los nuevos poblados militares (Aldeas estratégicas). Mediante un entrecruzamiento entre trabajo etnográfico, análisis de fotografías aéreas históricas, prospecciones y relevamientos en los antiguos emplazamientos, analizaré el impacto de la represión política en tres casos particulares: Negro Potrero, Las Dulce y Finca Santa Elena. Propongo aportar a una compresión de los periodos iniciales de la represión en el ámbito rural, así como avanzar a la incorporación de otras memorias como la de los pobladores campesinos.
During the 1970s, political repression in the province of Tucumán (Argentina) was exacerbated in 1975, due to the start of the counterinsurgency operation known as “Operativo Independencia”, and later during the last civic-military dictatorship. In this article, I will address the spatial reconfiguration of the sugar colonies of the former Ingenio Santa Lucía during this period. Analyses on violence in space about this period have increased in recent decades, regarding issues such as the “emergency villages”, historical towns, and the new military towns (Strategic Villages), among others. Through an intersection of ethnographic work, analysis of historical aerial photographs, and prospecting and surveys in the old sites, I will analyze the impact of political repression in three particular cases. This article aims to to contribute to an understanding of the initial periods of repression in rural area as well as to promote the incorporation of other memories such as that of the peasant settlers.
During the 1970s, political repression in the province of Tucumán (Argentina) was exacerbated in 1975, due to the start of the counterinsurgency operation known as “Operativo Independencia”, and later during the last civic-military dictatorship. In this article, I will address the spatial reconfiguration of the sugar colonies of the former Ingenio Santa Lucía during this period. Analyses on violence in space about this period have increased in recent decades, regarding issues such as the “emergency villages”, historical towns, and the new military towns (Strategic Villages), among others. Through an intersection of ethnographic work, analysis of historical aerial photographs, and prospecting and surveys in the old sites, I will analyze the impact of political repression in three particular cases. This article aims to to contribute to an understanding of the initial periods of repression in rural area as well as to promote the incorporation of other memories such as that of the peasant settlers.
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