Fenotipos de comportamiento alimentario en etapas pre y post - operatoria en candidatos a cirugía bariátrica
; Palma, Romina Marilín ; Katz, Mónica ; Omelanczuk, Pablo ; Anger, Vanesa Otros responsables
Fecha
06/2026
Editorial
Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición
Revista
Actualización en Nutrición
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ISSN
1667-8052
eISSN
2250-7183
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Español
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Introducción: La recurrencia del peso posterior a la cirugía bariátrica es frecuente y puede estar vinculada a rasgos del comportamiento alimentario y factores psicológicos. Evaluar estos aspectos antes de la cirugía es esencial para diseñar estrategias terapéuticas. Objetivo: Describir fenotipos de comportamiento alimentario en candidatos a cirugía bariátrica, analizar su relación con comorbilidades, con indicadores de ansiedad y depresión, y comparar el comportamiento alimentario pre y postquirúrgico. Métodos: se evaluó a 211 adultos entre diciembre de 2022 y agosto de 2023. Se utilizaron las Escalas de Fenotipos de Comportamiento Alimentario (EFCA) para evaluar la desregulación alimentaria y caracterizar subfenotipos (desorganizado, hedónico, compulsivo, hiperfágico y picoteador /emocional), la escala de Beck para depresión y la de Hamilton para ansiedad. En 31 participantes se realizó una valoración postoperatoria del comportamiento alimentario. Resultados: Se identificó desregulación alimentaria predominante en subfenotipos desorganizado e hiperfágico, así como una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el IMC y los subfenotipo hedónico e hiperfágico, entre los triglicéridos plasmáticos y la ingesta compulsiva, y entre la escala de depresión y las ingestas emocional y hedónica. Los participantes con hipertensión y diabetes puntuaron más alto en el subfenotipo compulsivo, con mayores puntuaciones en la EFCA total en presencia de diabetes. Después de la cirugía, los valores de la EFCA y los parámetros metabólicos como glucemia y trigliceridemia disminuyeron significativamente. Conclusiones: existe una relación entre la desregulación alimentaria y parámetros metabólicos y psicológicos, con una mejoría significativa del comportamiento alimentario posterior a la cirugía. La comprensión de los mecanismos psicoconductuales detrás de la obesidad puede facilitar la creación de estrategias de tratamiento personalizadas.
Introduction: Weight recurrence after bariatric surgery is common and may be linked to eating behavior traits and psychological factors. Evaluating these aspects before surgery is essential to design therapeutic strategies. Objective: Describe eating behavior phenotypes in candidates for bariatric surgery, analyze their relationship with comorbidities, indicators of anxiety and depression, and compare pre- and post-surgical eating behavior. Methods: 211 adults were evaluated between December 2022 and August 2023. The Eating Behavior Phenotype Scale (EFCA) was used to evaluate eating dysregulation and characterize subphenotypes (disorganized, hedonic, compulsive, hyperphagic and pecking/emotional), Beck for depression and Hamilton for anxiety. A postoperative assessment of eating behavior was performed in 31 participants. Results: Predominant eating behavior sub-phenotypes were disorganized and hyperphagic. There were significant associations between body mass index and the hedonic and hyperphagic subphenotypes, between plasma triglycerides and compulsive subphenotype, and between the depression scale and emotional and hedonic subphenotype. Participants with hypertension and diabetes scored higher on compulsive subphenotype, with higher scores on total EFCA in diabetics. After surgery, EFCA values and metabolic parameters such as glycemia and triglyceridemia decreased significantly. Conclusions: there is a relationship between eating dysregulation and metabolic and psychological parameters, with significant improvement in eating behavior after surgery. Understanding the psycho behavioral mechanisms behind obesity can facilitate the creation of personalized treatment strategies.
Introduction: Weight recurrence after bariatric surgery is common and may be linked to eating behavior traits and psychological factors. Evaluating these aspects before surgery is essential to design therapeutic strategies. Objective: Describe eating behavior phenotypes in candidates for bariatric surgery, analyze their relationship with comorbidities, indicators of anxiety and depression, and compare pre- and post-surgical eating behavior. Methods: 211 adults were evaluated between December 2022 and August 2023. The Eating Behavior Phenotype Scale (EFCA) was used to evaluate eating dysregulation and characterize subphenotypes (disorganized, hedonic, compulsive, hyperphagic and pecking/emotional), Beck for depression and Hamilton for anxiety. A postoperative assessment of eating behavior was performed in 31 participants. Results: Predominant eating behavior sub-phenotypes were disorganized and hyperphagic. There were significant associations between body mass index and the hedonic and hyperphagic subphenotypes, between plasma triglycerides and compulsive subphenotype, and between the depression scale and emotional and hedonic subphenotype. Participants with hypertension and diabetes scored higher on compulsive subphenotype, with higher scores on total EFCA in diabetics. After surgery, EFCA values and metabolic parameters such as glycemia and triglyceridemia decreased significantly. Conclusions: there is a relationship between eating dysregulation and metabolic and psychological parameters, with significant improvement in eating behavior after surgery. Understanding the psycho behavioral mechanisms behind obesity can facilitate the creation of personalized treatment strategies.
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