Un emprendimiento minero “al estilo inglés”: materialidades, cuerpos y disciplina en Catamarca (Argentina), siglo XIX

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08/2021
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Universidad Católica del Norte
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Estudios Atacameños
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0718-1043
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A mediados del siglo XIX se desarrollaron varios proyectos mineros en el oeste de la provincia de Catamarca (Argentina), dedicados principalmente a la explotación de cobre. En ese contexto, la Casa Lafone era presentada por su dueño –entre otras cosas– como un emprendimiento de “estilo inglés”, diferenciado del resto por la tecnología empleada y por el modo en que se organizaban las faenas y diferentes aspectos relativos a la vida de los trabajadores. En este artículo buscamos caracterizar el funcionamiento de dicho establecimiento minero poniendo el foco en el modo en que habitaron, trabajaron y circularon las personas como resultado de las reconfiguraciones espaciales y arquitectónicas y, en consecuencia, de tiempos, ritmos, tipos y formas de trabajo. Proponemos que esas reconfiguraciones constituyeron formas sutiles pero no menos potentes de control y disciplinamiento de la mano de obra que, junto a otras acciones, implicaron grandes cambios e impactos sobre el paisaje y los recursos y principalmente sobre la vida de las personas que allí vivieron y trabajaron.
In the mid-19th century, several mining projects were developed in the west of Catamarca province (Argentina), mainly dedicated to the exploitation of copper. In that context, the Casa Lafone was presented by its owner –among other things– as an “English-style” company, differentiated from the rest by the technology used and by the way in which the tasks and different aspects related to the workers’ lives were organized. In this paper we seek to characterize the operation of this mining establishment by focusing on the way in which people lived, worked and circulated as a result of spatial and architectural reconfigurations and, consequently, of times, rhythms, types and forms of work. We propose that these reconfigurations constituted subtle but no less powerful forms of workers control and discipline that, together with other actions, implied major changes and impacts on the landscape and resources and mainly on the life of the people who lived and worked there.
In the mid-19th century, several mining projects were developed in the west of Catamarca province (Argentina), mainly dedicated to the exploitation of copper. In that context, the Casa Lafone was presented by its owner –among other things– as an “English-style” company, differentiated from the rest by the technology used and by the way in which the tasks and different aspects related to the workers’ lives were organized. In this paper we seek to characterize the operation of this mining establishment by focusing on the way in which people lived, worked and circulated as a result of spatial and architectural reconfigurations and, consequently, of times, rhythms, types and forms of work. We propose that these reconfigurations constituted subtle but no less powerful forms of workers control and discipline that, together with other actions, implied major changes and impacts on the landscape and resources and mainly on the life of the people who lived and worked there.
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