Efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19 y el aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio sobre los trabajadores de dos territorios circulatorios en el agro argentino
; Ataide, Soraya 
Otros responsables
Fecha
06/2022
Editorial
Asociación Latinoamericana de Sociología Rural
Revista
Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Rurales
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
2525-1635
eISSN
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Español
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Resumen
En este artículo analizamos los efectos de la pandemia de la COVID-19 y el Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio – ASPO- (Decreto 297/2020) sobre las movilidades que despliegan trabajadores del sector agrícola, de forma temporal y cíclica hacia distintas zonas productivas de la Argentina. Por un lado, observamos los efectos sobre los trabajadores de origen salteño que al momento de decretarse el ASPO se encontraban realizando tareas de cosecha y empaque en la actividad vitivinícola de la provincia de Mendoza y frutícola en Río Negro. Por otro lado, indagamos en la incidencia sobre los trabajadores procedentes de Bolivia a quienes la pandemia y la medida de aislamiento los encontró realizando distintos trabajos en fincas tabacaleras y hortícolas de la provincia de Salta. Asimismo, observamos otros efectos sobre la población boliviana que se encontraba en Salta de forma permanente (residentes) o transitoria al momento de declarado el ASPO y el cierre de fronteras tanto en Argentina como en Bolivia. Los hallazgos surgen del registro de entrevistas realizadas durante el 2020 y el 2021 a trabajadores del sector agrícola, referentes de organizaciones sociales, tanto de origen salteño como boliviano, y a funcionarios del Consulado Boliviano en Salta. Incorporamos en el análisis un relevamiento de artículos periodísticos en diarios provinciales y nacionales, portales web, como también decretos y resoluciones oficiales. También incluimos resultados de investigaciones que realizamos con anterioridad al momento pandémico, sobre las movilidades de bolivianos y bolivianas vinculadas al mercado laboral tabacalero y hortícola en Salta.
In this paper, we analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the preventive and compulsory social isolation, called ASPO in Argentina (Decree 297/2020), on the temporary and cyclical mobility of agricultural workers towards different productive areas of the country. On the one hand, we observe the effects on workers of Salta province who were involved in harvesting and packing tasks in the viniculture sector in Mendoza and the fruit growing sector in Río Negro when the ASPO was declared by the government. On the other hand, we inquiry about the impact on Bolivian workers that were doing different works in tobacco and horticulture farms in Salta province at the beginning of the pandemic and the isolation measures. Moreover, we observe some effects on Bolivian people that were permanently (residents) or temporarily in Salta at the time when the ASPO and the closing of the border between Argentina and Bolivia began. The findings are based on interviews to agricultural workers, leaders of social organizations both from Bolivia and Salta origin, and civil servants of the Bolivian consulate in Salta carried out during 2020 and 2021.We incorporate in our analysis the collection of natio nal and provincial news articles, web portals, decrees and official resolutions. We also include the findings of our previous research conducted before the pandemic about Bolivian mobility associated to tobacco and horticulture labor market in Salta province.
In this paper, we analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the preventive and compulsory social isolation, called ASPO in Argentina (Decree 297/2020), on the temporary and cyclical mobility of agricultural workers towards different productive areas of the country. On the one hand, we observe the effects on workers of Salta province who were involved in harvesting and packing tasks in the viniculture sector in Mendoza and the fruit growing sector in Río Negro when the ASPO was declared by the government. On the other hand, we inquiry about the impact on Bolivian workers that were doing different works in tobacco and horticulture farms in Salta province at the beginning of the pandemic and the isolation measures. Moreover, we observe some effects on Bolivian people that were permanently (residents) or temporarily in Salta at the time when the ASPO and the closing of the border between Argentina and Bolivia began. The findings are based on interviews to agricultural workers, leaders of social organizations both from Bolivia and Salta origin, and civil servants of the Bolivian consulate in Salta carried out during 2020 and 2021.We incorporate in our analysis the collection of natio nal and provincial news articles, web portals, decrees and official resolutions. We also include the findings of our previous research conducted before the pandemic about Bolivian mobility associated to tobacco and horticulture labor market in Salta province.
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