Profile of the gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp under industrial indoor farming system

Abstract

The gut microbial communities interact with the host immunity and physiological functions. In this study, we investigatedthe bacterial composition in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp’s gut and rearing water under different host (developmental stage:juvenile and adult; health status: healthy and diseased) and environmental factors (temperature 25 °C and 28 °C; and lightintensity: low and high). The PCoA analysis showed that all water samples were clustered together in a quarter, whereas thegut samples spread among three quarters. In terms of functional bacteria, gut samples of adult shrimp, healthy adult shrimp,adult shrimp raised at 28 °C, and juvenile shrimp under high light intensity exhibited a higher abundance of Vibrionaceaecompared to each other opposite group. Gut samples of juvenile shrimp, infected adult shrimp, juvenile shrimp with low lightintensity, and adult shrimp with a water temperature of 25 °C showed a higher abundance of Pseudoaltromonadaceae bacteriacompared to each other opposite group. Gut samples of juvenile shrimp, healthy adult shrimp, adult shrimp raised at a watertemperature of 28 °C, and juvenile shrimp with high light intensity showed the higher abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidotaratio compared to each other opposite group. Our results showed that L. vannamei juveniles are more sensitive to bacterialinfections; besides, water temperature of 28 °C and high light intensity groups were both important conditions improvingthe shrimp gut bacterial composition under industrial indoor farming systems.