Evaluación del desarrollo narrativo: Aportes de una investigación en niños con TDL y con DT
; Crespo Allende, Nina ; Sepulveda Toro, Jeannette ; Perez Abarca, Lorena ; Alvarado Barra, Carola Otros responsables
Fecha
06/2025
Editorial
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina
Revista
Revista Chilena de Fonoaudiología
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ISSN
0719-4692
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Español
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Resumen
El estudio de la complejización de la narrativa infantil ha permitido comprender cómo se organizan diferentes recursos. No obstante, para comprender mejor este desarrollo, además de atender a la relación entre factores discursivo-lingüísticos, también se deben considerar factores cognitivos. Este trabajo propone profundizar en la complejización de la medición del desarrollo narrativo infantil. Para ello, se describen y comparan dos momentos del desarrollo narrativo de dos grupos de niños chilenos, monolingües hablantes de español, a saber, uno con Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje (TDL), y otro con Desarrollo Típico (DT), mediante la utilización de indicadores de productividad psicolingüística y el Índice de Complejidad Narrativa AdaptadoICN-A. Participaron en el estudio 16 niños con TDL y 23 con DT, evaluados en tareas de recontado a los 5 y a los 10 años. Los resultados de los indicadores psicolingüísticos no manifiestan diferencias significativas entre grupos en ninguno de los momentos de la toma. Respecto al ICN-A, no se registran diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las proporciones intergrupo; aunque se observa que el tiempo tiene incidencia significativa al considerar las proporciones de puntuaciones. A diferencia de previos trabajos, solo se halló diferencia significativa intergrupo en la secuencia Plan.
Research on the increasing complexity of children's narratives has provided insight into how various linguistic resources are organized. However, to better understand this development, it is necessary to consider not only the relationship between discursive and linguistic factors but also to include cognitive aspects. This study aims to delve into the complexity involved in measuring child narrative development. To this end, two stages of narrative development are described and compared in two groups of monolingual Spanish-speaking Chilean children: one with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and another with Typical Development (TD). The analysis incorporates psycholinguistic indicators and the Adapted Index of Narrative Complexity (INC-A). Sixteen children with DLD and 23 with TD participated in the study. The assessment consisted of retelling tasks performed at ages 5 and 10. Results from the psycholinguistic indicators showed no significant group differences at either time point. No statistically significant differences were found in intergroup proportions in the INC-A; however, time had a considerable effect on score proportions. Unlike previous studies, we only found significant intergroup differences in the Plan sequence.
Research on the increasing complexity of children's narratives has provided insight into how various linguistic resources are organized. However, to better understand this development, it is necessary to consider not only the relationship between discursive and linguistic factors but also to include cognitive aspects. This study aims to delve into the complexity involved in measuring child narrative development. To this end, two stages of narrative development are described and compared in two groups of monolingual Spanish-speaking Chilean children: one with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and another with Typical Development (TD). The analysis incorporates psycholinguistic indicators and the Adapted Index of Narrative Complexity (INC-A). Sixteen children with DLD and 23 with TD participated in the study. The assessment consisted of retelling tasks performed at ages 5 and 10. Results from the psycholinguistic indicators showed no significant group differences at either time point. No statistically significant differences were found in intergroup proportions in the INC-A; however, time had a considerable effect on score proportions. Unlike previous studies, we only found significant intergroup differences in the Plan sequence.
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