Condena moral, temor político y provecho mercantil: actitudes y políticas españolas ante las “borracheras” indígenas (frontera de la Concepción de Chile, siglo XVIII)

Otros responsables
Fecha
11/2020
Editorial
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas
Revista
Memoria Americana
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
Fecha del evento
Institución organizadora
ISSN
0327-5752
eISSN
1851-3751
ISBN
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Resumen
En toda la América indígena, los festines colectivos resultaron eventos de sociabilidad de primer orden. Las borracheras fueron en Chile una de las principales dificultades afrontadas por los misioneros cristianos para convertir a los nativos, también las autoridades civiles y militares las consideraban peligrosas porque podían generar rebeliones y levantamientos. La venta de alcohol a los indios fue tradicionalmente rechazada hasta que, en ocasión del Parlamento de 1793 y tras recabar varias opiniones, el gobierno español decidió incentivar el comercio de bebidas alcohólicas con los indígenas ¿Por qué quienes tradicionalmente se habían opuesto a la introducción de alcohol en la frontera ahora, en abrumadora mayoría, la avalaban y recomendaban con énfasis? A través de diversas fuentes, que incluyen las opiniones solicitadas a varios actores coloniales, trataremos de contestar esta pregunta examinando la situación económica de la frontera penquista hacia fines del siglo XVIII, cuyos avatares explican en buena medida las reacciones de los interesados.
Throughout the native Americas, collective feasts were important events of sociability. In Chile, Indian borracheras were considered one of the main difficulties Christian missionaries had to face in order to convert natives, also civilian and military authorities considered them dangerous because they could lead to rebellions and uprisings. Therefore, the sale of alcohol to the Indians was traditionally rejected until, on occasion of the Parlamento of 1793 and after obtaining several favorable opinions in this regard, the Spanish government decided to encourage the trade of alcoholic beverages with the natives. Why did those who had traditionally opposed the introduction of alcohol at the border now overwhelmingly endorsed and recommended it with emphasis? Through different sources, which include the opinions requested from several colonial actors, we will try to answer this question, examining the economic situation of the Concepción’s frontier towards late 18th century, whose avatars explain the reactions of the interested parties to a large extent.
Throughout the native Americas, collective feasts were important events of sociability. In Chile, Indian borracheras were considered one of the main difficulties Christian missionaries had to face in order to convert natives, also civilian and military authorities considered them dangerous because they could lead to rebellions and uprisings. Therefore, the sale of alcohol to the Indians was traditionally rejected until, on occasion of the Parlamento of 1793 and after obtaining several favorable opinions in this regard, the Spanish government decided to encourage the trade of alcoholic beverages with the natives. Why did those who had traditionally opposed the introduction of alcohol at the border now overwhelmingly endorsed and recommended it with emphasis? Through different sources, which include the opinions requested from several colonial actors, we will try to answer this question, examining the economic situation of the Concepción’s frontier towards late 18th century, whose avatars explain the reactions of the interested parties to a large extent.
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