Parásitos intestinales y pobreza: la vulnerabilidad de los más carenciados en la Argentina de un mundo globalizado
; Navone, Graciela Teresa 
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Fecha
01/2010
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Fundación Selva Andina Research Society
Revista
Journal of the Selva Andina Research Society
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
2072-9294
eISSN
2072-9308
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Español
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Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo fue mostrar el perfil parasitológico de diferentes poblaciones asentadas en localidades con características ambientales disímiles y realidades socioeconómicas contrastantes. Se relevaron parasitológica y ambientalmente 3 poblaciones del Partido de La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, 2 de ellas suburbanas (LPS y LPN) y una en el entramado urbano de la ciudad (LPU); otra de la localidad de Brandsen, Provincia de Buenos Aires (BR), y otra en Santa Rosa, Provincia de La Pampa (SR). Se analizaron parasitológicamente heces de caninos y muestras de agua y suelo. Se analizaron 683 muestras fecales totales, de las cuales fueron positivas el 81.4% en LPS; 77.5% en LPN; 67.2% en SR; 63.9% en BR y 45.3% en LPU. Las poblaciones con mejores condiciones socioambientales (LPU), estuvieron menos parasitadas por protozoos y helmintos. El hacinamiento, las viviendas precarias y el uso de letrinas fueron los factores que más se asociaron al parasitismo, especialmente a la presencia de geohelmintos. Además, el clima seco de SR se asoció a la ausencia de geohelmintos. Los parásitos en heces caninas fueron 42.1% en SR , 41.6% en LPN y 33.3% en LPS, y. Las muestras de suelo fueron positivas para 91.3% LPU, 90.3% BR, 66.6% LPS y53.5% LPN, , y El 60% de las muestras de agua en LPS y el 100% en LPN presentaron quistes de amebas comensales. Los datos aportados fueron transferidos a las poblaciones mediante la implementación de talleres, como estrategia que permitió acercar la problemática a la gente y discutir alternativas para su resolución.
The objective of this work was to show the parasitological profile of different populations settled in localities with dissimilar environmental features and socioeconomic contrasting realities. Three populations of La Plata county, Buenos Aires province, two suburban ones (LPS and LPN), and one from the urban downtown of the city (LPU); one from the Brandsen town, Buenos Aires province (BR), and one from Santa Rosa, La Pampa province (SR) were studied parasitological and environmentally. Canine feces and ground and water samples were analyzed parasitologically. A number of 683 fecal total samples were analyzed from which 81.4% were positive in LPS, 77.5% in LPN, 67.2% in SR, 63.9% in BR, and 45.3% in LPU. Populations with better socio-environmental conditions (LPU) were less parasitized by protozoa and helmints. The overcrowding, precarious housing and the use of latrines were the higher associated factors to parasitism, especially to the presence of geohelmints. Also, the SR dry weather associated to the geohelmint absence. Parasites in canine grounds were 42.1% in SR, 41.6% in LPN and 33.3% in LPS. Ground samples were positive for 91.3% LPU, 90.3% BR, 66.6% LPS and 53.5% LPN, and 60% of water samples in LPS and 100% in LPN presented cysts of commensal amoebas. Contributing data were transferred to the populations by means of workshops as a strategy that allowed to bring the situation near to the people and to discuss alternatives for its resolution.
The objective of this work was to show the parasitological profile of different populations settled in localities with dissimilar environmental features and socioeconomic contrasting realities. Three populations of La Plata county, Buenos Aires province, two suburban ones (LPS and LPN), and one from the urban downtown of the city (LPU); one from the Brandsen town, Buenos Aires province (BR), and one from Santa Rosa, La Pampa province (SR) were studied parasitological and environmentally. Canine feces and ground and water samples were analyzed parasitologically. A number of 683 fecal total samples were analyzed from which 81.4% were positive in LPS, 77.5% in LPN, 67.2% in SR, 63.9% in BR, and 45.3% in LPU. Populations with better socio-environmental conditions (LPU) were less parasitized by protozoa and helmints. The overcrowding, precarious housing and the use of latrines were the higher associated factors to parasitism, especially to the presence of geohelmints. Also, the SR dry weather associated to the geohelmint absence. Parasites in canine grounds were 42.1% in SR, 41.6% in LPN and 33.3% in LPS. Ground samples were positive for 91.3% LPU, 90.3% BR, 66.6% LPS and 53.5% LPN, and 60% of water samples in LPS and 100% in LPN presented cysts of commensal amoebas. Contributing data were transferred to the populations by means of workshops as a strategy that allowed to bring the situation near to the people and to discuss alternatives for its resolution.
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